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Computer Fundamentals & Introduction MCQs 2026

45 questions with detailed answers · 20 from past papers · 5 quiz batches available

📚 Computer Mcqs 📄 20 Past-Paper Qs ✓ Free · No Login Needed
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Read each question, think about the answer, then click Show Answer to reveal the correct option and explanation. Load 10 at a time so it stays manageable — perfect for one-topic study sessions on the bus or during a break.

Page 1 of 1 Questions 1–10 of 45
  1. Q1 medium

    Which part of the CPU directs and coordinates all operations

    1. A ALU
    2. B Cache
    3. C Register
    4. D Control Unit
    💡 Explanation:

    The Control Unit manages and coordinates the activities of all computer components.

  2. Q2 Past Paper · PPSC/FPSC/NTS easy

    The father of the modern computer is

    1. A Charles Babbage
    2. B Blaise Pascal
    3. C John Napier
    4. D Bill Gates
    💡 Explanation:

    Charles Babbage designed the Analytical Engine and is known as the father of the computer.

  3. Q3 easy

    Raw facts and figures given to a computer are called

    1. A Information
    2. B Data
    3. C Instructions
    4. D Output
    💡 Explanation:

    Data are unprocessed raw facts; once processed they become information.

  4. Q4 easy

    Processed data that is meaningful is called

    1. A Data
    2. B Bytes
    3. C Information
    4. D Signals
    💡 Explanation:

    Information is data that has been processed into a meaningful and useful form.

  5. Q5 Past Paper · PPSC/FPSC/NTS easy

    The physical parts of a computer are called

    1. A Software
    2. B Firmware
    3. C Hardware
    4. D Freeware
    💡 Explanation:

    Hardware refers to the tangible physical components of a computer.

  6. Q6 easy

    The term "bug" in computers refers to

    1. A A new feature
    2. B An error or fault
    3. C A virus only
    4. D A hardware device
    💡 Explanation:

    A bug is an error or fault in a program that causes incorrect results.

  7. Q7 Past Paper · PPSC/FPSC/NTS medium

    The first mechanical calculating machine "Pascaline" was invented by

    1. A Charles Babbage
    2. B Blaise Pascal
    3. C John Napier
    4. D Herman Hollerith
    💡 Explanation:

    Blaise Pascal invented the Pascaline, an early mechanical calculator, in 1642.

  8. Q8 easy

    1 Terabyte (TB) is equal to

    1. A 1024 GB
    2. B 1024 MB
    3. C 1000 GB
    4. D 512 GB
    💡 Explanation:

    1 TB equals 1024 Gigabytes.

  9. Q9 medium

    Firmware is stored in

    1. A RAM
    2. B ROM
    3. C Hard disk
    4. D Cache
    💡 Explanation:

    Firmware is permanent software stored in ROM.

  10. Q10 Past Paper · PPSC/FPSC/NTS medium

    Which generation of computers used vacuum tubes

    1. A First
    2. B Second
    3. C Third
    4. D Fourth
    💡 Explanation:

    First-generation computers used vacuum tubes as their main electronic component.

  11. Q11 Past Paper · PPSC/FPSC/NTS easy

    The process of starting or restarting a computer is called

    1. A Booting
    2. B Loading
    3. C Processing
    4. D Formatting
    💡 Explanation:

    Booting is the process of starting up a computer and loading the operating system.

  12. Q12 medium

    Cache memory is used to

    1. A Store data permanently
    2. B Speed up the CPU by storing frequently used data
    3. C Back up files
    4. D Connect to the internet
    💡 Explanation:

    Cache is high-speed memory that stores frequently accessed data to speed up the CPU.

  13. Q13 Past Paper · PPSC/FPSC/NTS easy

    The word "computer" is derived from the Latin word

    1. A Compute
    2. B Computare
    3. C Computer
    4. D Command
    💡 Explanation:

    "Computer" comes from the Latin "computare", meaning to calculate or reckon.

  14. Q14 easy

    A computer is an electronic device that processes

    1. A Text only
    2. B Data
    3. C Numbers only
    4. D Images only
    💡 Explanation:

    A computer accepts data as input and processes it into meaningful information.

  15. Q15 Past Paper · PPSC/FPSC/NTS easy

    The brain of the computer is called

    1. A RAM
    2. B ROM
    3. C CPU
    4. D Hard disk
    💡 Explanation:

    The CPU (Central Processing Unit) is called the brain because it executes and controls all operations.

  16. Q16 easy

    A set of instructions that tells the computer what to do is called

    1. A Hardware
    2. B Hardcopy
    3. C Software
    4. D Device
    💡 Explanation:

    Software is a set of programs and instructions that direct hardware to perform tasks.

  17. Q17 easy

    Which of the following is an example of system software

    1. A MS Word
    2. B MS Excel
    3. C Operating System
    4. D Photoshop
    💡 Explanation:

    An operating system is system software that manages hardware and other software.

  18. Q18 Past Paper · PPSC/FPSC/NTS easy

    One byte is equal to how many bits

    1. A 4 bits
    2. B 32 bits
    3. C 16 bits
    4. D 8 bits
    💡 Explanation:

    One byte consists of 8 bits.

  19. Q19 Past Paper · PPSC/FPSC/NTS easy

    1 Kilobyte (KB) is equal to

    1. A 1000 bytes
    2. B 512 bytes
    3. C 1024 bits
    4. D 1024 bytes
    💡 Explanation:

    1 KB equals 2^10 = 1024 bytes.

  20. Q20 medium

    Arithmetic and logical operations are performed by the

    1. A Control Unit
    2. B Register
    3. C Memory Unit
    4. D ALU
    💡 Explanation:

    The Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) performs all arithmetic and logical operations.

  21. Q21 Past Paper · PPSC/FPSC/NTS medium

    The first electronic general-purpose digital computer was

    1. A UNIVAC
    2. B Mark-I
    3. C EDVAC
    4. D ENIAC
    💡 Explanation:

    ENIAC (1945) is regarded as the first general-purpose electronic digital computer.

  22. Q22 Past Paper · PPSC/FPSC/NTS easy

    RAM stands for

    1. A Read Access Memory
    2. B Ready Access Memory
    3. C Rapid Access Memory
    4. D Random Access Memory
    💡 Explanation:

    RAM stands for Random Access Memory.

  23. Q23 medium

    ROM is an example of

    1. A Volatile memory
    2. B Cache memory
    3. C Secondary storage
    4. D Non-volatile memory
    💡 Explanation:

    ROM is non-volatile; it retains its contents even without power.

  24. Q24 easy

    1 Gigabyte (GB) is equal to

    1. A 1024 KB
    2. B 1024 TB
    3. C 1000 MB
    4. D 1024 MB
    💡 Explanation:

    1 GB equals 1024 Megabytes.

  25. Q25 Past Paper · PPSC/FPSC/NTS medium

    Which of the following measures the speed of a CPU

    1. A Bytes
    2. B Bauds
    3. C Pixels
    4. D Hertz
    💡 Explanation:

    CPU speed (clock speed) is measured in Hertz, typically GHz.

  26. Q26 medium

    A device used to connect a computer to the internet via telephone line is

    1. A Router
    2. B Hub
    3. C Switch
    4. D Modem
    💡 Explanation:

    A modem modulates and demodulates signals to connect a computer to the internet.

  27. Q27 easy

    Which is the correct ascending order of memory units

    1. A KB, MB, GB, TB
    2. B MB, KB, GB, TB
    3. C GB, MB, KB, TB
    4. D TB, GB, MB, KB
    💡 Explanation:

    The correct ascending order is Kilobyte, Megabyte, Gigabyte, Terabyte.

  28. Q28 Past Paper · PPSC/FPSC/NTS easy

    The smallest unit of data in a computer is

    1. A Byte
    2. B Bit
    3. C Nibble
    4. D Word
    💡 Explanation:

    A bit (binary digit) is the smallest unit of data, holding either 0 or 1.

  29. Q29 medium

    A group of 4 bits is called a

    1. A Byte
    2. B Word
    3. C Nibble
    4. D Bel
    💡 Explanation:

    A nibble is a group of 4 bits, which is half a byte.

  30. Q30 Past Paper · PPSC/FPSC/NTS easy

    The number system used internally by computers is

    1. A Decimal
    2. B Octal
    3. C Binary
    4. D Hexadecimal
    💡 Explanation:

    Computers internally use the binary number system consisting of 0s and 1s.

  31. Q31 medium

    IBM stands for

    1. A International Business Machines
    2. B Internal Business Machines
    3. C International Basic Machines
    4. D Integrated Business Machines
    💡 Explanation:

    IBM stands for International Business Machines Corporation.

  32. Q32 Past Paper · PPSC/FPSC/NTS medium

    The two main components of the CPU are

    1. A ALU and Control Unit
    2. B RAM and ROM
    3. C Input and Output
    4. D Monitor and Keyboard
    💡 Explanation:

    The CPU mainly consists of the Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) and the Control Unit (CU).

  33. Q33 Past Paper · PPSC/FPSC/NTS medium

    A computer that combines both analog and digital features is called

    1. A Hybrid computer
    2. B Mainframe
    3. C Super computer
    4. D Micro computer
    💡 Explanation:

    A hybrid computer combines the features of both analog and digital computers.

  34. Q34 Past Paper · PPSC/FPSC/NTS easy

    The most powerful type of computer is

    1. A Micro computer
    2. B Mini computer
    3. C Mainframe
    4. D Super computer
    💡 Explanation:

    Supercomputers are the fastest and most powerful computers, used for complex calculations.

  35. Q35 easy

    A personal computer (PC) is an example of a

    1. A Super computer
    2. B Mainframe
    3. C Micro computer
    4. D Mini computer
    💡 Explanation:

    A PC is a microcomputer designed for individual use.

  36. Q36 easy

    Which of these is NOT an input device

    1. A Keyboard
    2. B Mouse
    3. C Scanner
    4. D Monitor
    💡 Explanation:

    A monitor is an output device; keyboard, mouse and scanner are input devices.

  37. Q37 easy

    Which of these is an output device

    1. A Joystick
    2. B Printer
    3. C Light pen
    4. D Microphone
    💡 Explanation:

    A printer produces output; the others are input devices.

  38. Q38 Past Paper · PPSC/FPSC/NTS easy

    Volatile memory that loses data when power is off is

    1. A ROM
    2. B Hard disk
    3. C RAM
    4. D Flash drive
    💡 Explanation:

    RAM is volatile memory; its contents are lost when the computer is switched off.

  39. Q39 easy

    The permanent storage device in a computer is

    1. A RAM
    2. B Cache
    3. C Hard disk
    4. D Register
    💡 Explanation:

    The hard disk is a secondary storage device that stores data permanently.

  40. Q40 Past Paper · PPSC/FPSC/NTS medium

    Which language does a computer understand directly

    1. A High-level language
    2. B Assembly language
    3. C Machine language
    4. D English
    💡 Explanation:

    Computers directly understand machine language, made of binary code.

  41. Q41 medium

    A program that converts high-level language into machine language is

    1. A Compiler
    2. B Editor
    3. C Loader
    4. D Debugger
    💡 Explanation:

    A compiler translates a whole high-level program into machine code.

  42. Q42 easy

    The output shown on a monitor is called

    1. A Hard copy
    2. B Soft copy
    3. C Printout
    4. D Backup
    💡 Explanation:

    On-screen output is a soft copy; printed output is a hard copy.

  43. Q43 easy

    Printed output on paper is called

    1. A Soft copy
    2. B Hard copy
    3. C Digital copy
    4. D Backup copy
    💡 Explanation:

    Output printed on paper is known as a hard copy.

  44. Q44 medium

    GIGO in computer terminology stands for

    1. A Garbage In Garbage Out
    2. B Great Input Great Output
    3. C Global Input Global Output
    4. D Gateway In Gateway Out
    💡 Explanation:

    GIGO means Garbage In, Garbage Out — poor input produces poor output.

  45. Q45 Past Paper · PPSC/FPSC/NTS easy

    The full form of CPU is

    1. A Central Processing Unit
    2. B Central Programming Unit
    3. C Computer Processing Unit
    4. D Central Protocol Unit
    💡 Explanation:

    CPU stands for Central Processing Unit.

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