Biomechanics and Kinesiology Basics MCQs 2026

A first-class lever has the fulcrum

1. A between the effort and the resistance ✓
2. B at the end of the resistance arm only ✓
3. C between effort and resistance with resistance always closest to effort ✓
4. D only at the point of application of effort ✓

A wheelbarrow is an example of

1. A a first-class lever ✓
2. B a second-class lever ✓
3. C a third-class lever ✓
4. D a pulley system only ✓

Most human body levers at joints are

1. A third-class levers ✓
2. B first-class levers ✓
3. C second-class levers ✓
4. D fixed pulleys only ✓

Mechanical advantage of a lever equals

1. A effort arm divided by resistance arm ✓
2. B mass times velocity ✓
3. C force times distance only ✓
4. D resistance arm length divided by effort arm length ✓

Newton's second law of motion states that force equals

1. A mass divided by acceleration ✓
2. B mass multiplied by acceleration (F = ma) ✓
3. C acceleration divided by mass ✓
4. D mass plus acceleration ✓

Newton's third law states that for every action there is

1. A an equal and opposite reaction ✓
2. B a smaller reaction in the same direction ✓
3. C no reaction in static balance ✓
4. D only a reaction when friction is zero ✓

Newton's first law (inertia) means a body at rest stays at rest unless

1. A acted upon by an unbalanced external force ✓
2. B gravity disappears ✓
3. C mass becomes zero ✓
4. D friction always increases ✓

Static balance refers to

1. A balance only during rapid rotation ✓
2. B maintaining equilibrium while the body is stationary ✓
3. C balance while center of gravity moves outside the base ✓
4. D only dynamic recovery from a stumble ✓

Dynamic balance involves

1. A complete absence of movement ✓
2. B only seated posture ✓
3. C zero need for proprioception ✓
4. D maintaining stability while the body or its parts are moving ✓

The center of gravity (COG) of the human body is typically located

1. A at the top of the skull ✓
2. B at the lateral malleolus ✓
3. C outside the body in all postures ✓
4. D slightly anterior to the second sacral vertebra in standing adults ✓

A wider base of support generally

1. A decreases stability always ✓
2. B has no effect on balance ✓
3. C increases stability ✓
4. D eliminates the need for core strength ✓

Lowering the center of gravity relative to the base of support

1. A reduces stability ✓
2. B only affects speed not balance ✓
3. C applies only in water ✓
4. D improves balance and stability ✓

The sagittal plane divides the body into

1. A superior and inferior parts ✓
2. B anterior and posterior parts ✓
3. C left and right halves ✓
4. D only the upper and lower limbs ✓

The frontal (coronal) plane divides the body into

1. A left and right halves ✓
2. B superior and inferior parts ✓
3. C anterior and posterior parts ✓
4. D only medial structures ✓

The transverse (horizontal) plane divides the body into

1. A left and right halves ✓
2. B anterior and posterior parts ✓
3. C only the trunk ✓
4. D superior and inferior parts ✓

Movement in the sagittal plane occurs around the

1. A longitudinal axis ✓
2. B medial-lateral (frontal) axis ✓
3. C anterior-posterior axis ✓
4. D vertical axis only in all planes ✓

Movement in the frontal plane occurs around the

1. A medial-lateral axis ✓
2. B longitudinal axis ✓
3. C anterior-posterior (sagittal) axis ✓
4. D vertical axis only ✓

Movement in the transverse plane occurs around the

1. A longitudinal (vertical) axis ✓
2. B medial-lateral axis ✓
3. C anterior-posterior axis ✓
4. D horizontal axis only in sagittal plane ✓

Torque in biomechanics is defined as

1. A force multiplied by the perpendicular distance to the axis of rotation ✓
2. B mass times velocity only ✓
3. C force divided by distance ✓
4. D only gravitational pull on mass ✓

Angular momentum is conserved when

1. A linear speed is constant only ✓
2. B no external torque acts on a rotating system ✓
3. C friction is always present ✓
4. D mass changes randomly ✓

Friction between the foot and ground during sprinting

1. A eliminates all reaction forces ✓
2. B provides horizontal propulsive force via ground reaction ✓
3. C only reduces speed without propulsion ✓
4. D is irrelevant to acceleration ✓

The ground reaction force during walking acts

1. A only upward with no horizontal component ✓
2. B only when the athlete is airborne ✓
3. C in the same direction as foot push ✓
4. D equal and opposite to the force the foot applies to the ground ✓

A longer effort arm in a third-class lever

1. A always multiplies force output ✓
2. B eliminates need for muscle contraction ✓
3. C increases speed and range of motion at the expense of force ✓
4. D makes the lever first-class ✓

Stability is greatest when the line of gravity falls

1. A within the base of support ✓
2. B outside the base of support ✓
3. C above the head only ✓
4. D below the feet only ✓

Kinesiology is the study of

1. A human movement ✓
2. B only muscle anatomy without motion ✓
3. C only sport psychology ✓
4. D only fitness testing norms ✓

Biomechanics applies principles of

1. A only psychology to coaching ✓
2. B only nutrition to athletes ✓
3. C only sociology of sport ✓
4. D mechanics to biological systems ✓

A force couple produces

1. A only linear acceleration ✓
2. B pure rotation without translation ✓
3. C only static balance without torque ✓
4. D only friction reduction ✓

Projectile motion of a ball is influenced by

1. A only the athlete's height ✓
2. B only air temperature ✓
3. C angle of release, initial velocity, and gravity ✓
4. D only footwear brand ✓

The coefficient of restitution in a bounce relates to

1. A only muscle flexibility ✓
2. B elasticity of the collision ✓
3. C only aerobic capacity ✓
4. D only coaching style ✓

Impulse equals

1. A mass times velocity squared ✓
2. B torque divided by distance ✓
3. C only body weight ✓
4. D force multiplied by the time over which it acts ✓

Linear momentum equals

1. A force times time only ✓
2. B mass multiplied by velocity ✓
3. C torque times distance ✓
4. D acceleration divided by mass ✓

Centripetal force in a curved sprint path is directed

1. A tangential to the path only ✓
2. B away from the center ✓
3. C toward the center of the curve ✓
4. D only vertically downward ✓

The fulcrum in a seesaw is an example of

1. A a second-class lever ✓
2. B a third-class lever ✓
3. C a fixed pulley ✓
4. D a first-class lever ✓

Raising the arms overhead shifts the body's center of gravity

1. A upward ✓
2. B downward only ✓
3. C laterally only without vertical change ✓
4. D outside the body always ✓

Proprioception contributes to balance by providing

1. A only visual information ✓
2. B awareness of limb and body position in space ✓
3. C only auditory cues ✓
4. D only heart rate data ✓

A narrow base of support in gymnastics on a beam

1. A always increases stability ✓
2. B eliminates need for core tension ✓
3. C reduces stability and demands greater balance control ✓
4. D prevents all falls ✓

Abduction occurs in which anatomical plane

1. A sagittal ✓
2. B transverse only ✓
3. C oblique only in all joints ✓
4. D frontal (coronal) ✓

Flexion at the elbow occurs primarily in the

1. A frontal plane ✓
2. B transverse plane only ✓
3. C sagittal plane ✓
4. D horizontal plane only for all joints ✓

Internal rotation of the hip occurs in the

1. A sagittal plane only ✓
2. B frontal plane only ✓
3. C transverse plane ✓
4. D coronal plane only ✓

Summation of forces in throwing means

1. A sequential use of body segments to maximize end-point velocity ✓
2. B using only the arm ✓
3. C holding all segments rigid ✓
4. D reducing range of motion ✓