Government and Politics in Pakistan MCQs 2026

Pakistan's system of government under the 1973 Constitution is

1. A federal parliamentary ✓
2. B unitary presidential without provinces ✓
3. C absolute monarchy ✓
4. D confederation with India ✓

The Prime Minister of Pakistan is

1. A ceremonial head of state only ✓
2. B appointed by the Senate alone without NA ✓
3. C commander of provincial assemblies only ✓
4. D head of government and chief executive ✓

The President of Pakistan is primarily

1. A head of government with daily executive control always ✓
2. B head of state with formal and reserve powers ✓
3. C elected by direct universal vote since 1973 without change ✓
4. D above the constitution without oath ✓

Members of the National Assembly are elected by

1. A provincial assemblies only ✓
2. B the Senate exclusively ✓
3. C indirect Basic Democracy vote only ✓
4. D direct adult franchise on population basis ✓

The Senate of Pakistan is elected by

1. A provincial assemblies and FATA/Federal areas representatives ✓
2. B direct nationwide vote identical to NA ✓
3. C the President alone ✓
4. D foreign ambassadors accredited to Islamabad ✓

The National Assembly has a total of

1. A 100 members only ✓
2. B 336 members including reserved seats for women and minorities ✓
3. C equal seats for each province only without general seats ✓
4. D members appointed for life by the President ✓

A vote of no-confidence against the Prime Minister requires

1. A a simple majority of the total membership of the National Assembly ✓
2. B two-thirds of the Senate only ✓
3. C unanimity of all provincial assemblies ✓
4. D approval of the Supreme Court chief justice alone ✓

The federal cabinet is collectively responsible to

1. A the National Assembly ✓
2. B the Senate alone ✓
3. C provincial governors only ✓
4. D the Supreme Court ✓

Provincial governments are headed by

1. A Chief Ministers ✓
2. B Governors as chief executives always ✓
3. C Senators from each province ✓
4. D the Prime Minister directly in all provinces ✓

Governors in provinces represent

1. A the judiciary in each province ✓
2. B the federal executive and assent to provincial bills ✓
3. C local mayors exclusively ✓
4. D foreign diplomatic missions ✓

The Supreme Court of Pakistan is the

1. A highest appellate court in the country ✓
2. B lower than high courts in all cases ✓
3. C election commission for NA ✓
4. D legislative chamber for Islam ✓

High Courts exercise jurisdiction over

1. A foreign states only ✓
2. B Senate elections exclusively ✓
3. C military courts in all criminal cases ✓
4. D their respective provinces and federal capital where applicable ✓

The Chief Justice of Pakistan is appointed under post-18th Amendment procedure through

1. A sole appointment by the army chief ✓
2. B lottery among district judges ✓
3. C foreign embassy nomination ✓
4. D the Judicial Commission of Pakistan with parliamentary committee role ✓

The Election Commission of Pakistan conducts

1. A only Senate by-elections ✓
2. B foreign policy referendums only ✓
3. C appointment of governors ✓
4. D elections to Parliament, provincial assemblies, and local bodies as mandated ✓

Major political parties in Pakistan have included

1. A only one legal party since 1947 ✓
2. B parties banned entirely since 1973 ✓
3. C Pakistan Muslim League factions, PPP, and PTI among others ✓
4. D only religious parties without secular groups ✓

Pakistan Peoples Party (PPP) was founded by

1. A Quaid-i-Azam Jinnah ✓
2. B General Ayub Khan ✓
3. C Liaquat Ali Khan ✓
4. D Zulfikar Ali Bhutto ✓

Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf (PTI) was founded by

1. A Nawaz Sharif ✓
2. B Imran Khan ✓
3. C Asif Ali Zardari ✓
4. D Fazlur Rahman ✓

Pakistan Muslim League (N) is associated with the leadership of

1. A Benazir Bhutto exclusively ✓
2. B General Musharraf permanently ✓
3. C Nawaz Sharif ✓
4. D Maulana Fazlur Rahman ✓

The first military coup in Pakistan took place in

1. A 1977 only ✓
2. B 1999 only ✓
3. C 1958 under General Ayub Khan ✓
4. D never occurred ✓

General Yahya Khan assumed power after

1. A Ayub Khan's resignation amid popular unrest in 1969 ✓
2. B the 1973 Constitution was adopted ✓
3. C the 18th Amendment ✓
4. D the Lahore Resolution ✓

General Zia-ul-Haq seized power in

1. A 1958 ✓
2. B 1969 ✓
3. C 1977 ✓
4. D 1999 ✓

General Pervez Musharraf took power in

1. A 1999 ✓
2. B 1977 ✓
3. C 1988 ✓
4. D 2010 ✓

Martial law in Pakistan has historically resulted in

1. A stronger provincial autonomy always ✓
2. B suspension of the constitution and concentration of power in the military ✓
3. C immediate free and fair elections without delay always ✓
4. D abolition of the armed forces ✓

Civil-military relations in Pakistan are often described as

1. A dominated by periodic military intervention in politics ✓
2. B absent of any military influence ✓
3. C fully subordinated with no exceptions in practice ✓
4. D identical to Switzerland's militia system ✓

The 1970 general elections were significant because

1. A they were never held ✓
2. B Awami League won a majority in united Pakistan, triggering a constitutional crisis ✓
3. C Musharraf won a landslide ✓
4. D Congress won all seats ✓

After 1971, Pakistan's government was restructured as

1. A part of Bangladesh ✓
2. B a monarchy ✓
3. C a four-province federation under the 1973 Constitution ✓
4. D without any written constitution ✓

Benazir Bhutto became the first woman PM of Pakistan in

1. A 1973 ✓
2. B 1999 ✓
3. C 2008 ✓
4. D 1988 ✓

Nawaz Sharif's governments in the 1990s were dismissed under

1. A Senate vote alone ✓
2. B Supreme Court criminal trial during office always ✓
3. C foreign IMF order exclusively ✓
4. D Article 58(2)(b) presidential dissolution powers ✓

The Kargil conflict (1999) occurred during

1. A Ayub Khan's era ✓
2. B Zia's martial law only ✓
3. C the government of Nawaz Sharif before Musharraf's coup ✓
4. D Bhutto's 1973 term only ✓

Local government reforms in Pakistan have aimed to

1. A abolish all provinces ✓
2. B centralize all police in the President's office ✓
3. C eliminate elections permanently ✓
4. D devolve administration and development to district and tehsil levels ✓

A money bill in Pakistan originates in

1. A the Senate only ✓
2. B provincial assemblies exclusively ✓
3. C the Supreme Court ✓
4. D the National Assembly ✓

The Senate cannot vote on

1. A any legislation ever ✓
2. B provincial subjects after 18th Amendment ✓
3. C money bills though it may recommend changes within limits ✓
4. D constitutional amendments ✓

Article 243 assigns command of the armed forces to

1. A provincial chief ministers exclusively ✓
2. B the President while exercise is regulated by federal law and government ✓
3. C the Senate chairman ✓
4. D foreign allies ✓

Political instability in the 1990s featured

1. A uninterrupted five-year terms for all PMs ✓
2. B repeated dismissals of governments and early elections ✓
3. C absence of any presidential role ✓
4. D military abstaining from all politics entirely ✓

General Musharraf's rule ended primarily through

1. A immediate annexation by India ✓
2. B permanent martial law until 2020 ✓
3. C political transition leading to 2008 elections and his resignation ✓
4. D dissolution of all parties forever ✓

The 18th Amendment reduced military-backed presidential powers by

1. A restricting dissolution and strengthening parliamentary appointment rules ✓
2. B abolishing the army ✓
3. C creating a monarchy ✓
4. D removing provinces from the federation ✓

Coalition governments in Pakistan occur when

1. A Senate elects the PM without NA ✓
2. B President appoints all MPs ✓
3. C no party wins an outright majority in the National Assembly ✓
4. D ECP bans multiple parties ✓

The opposition in the National Assembly

1. A holds the government accountable through debate, committees, and votes ✓
2. B has no constitutional role ✓
3. C commands the armed forces ✓
4. D appoints all judges directly ✓

A constitutional crisis arises when

1. A all parties agree on every bill ✓
2. B courts refuse all cases ✓
3. C institutions disagree over lawful authority (e.g., parliament vs president vs army) ✓
4. D elections are unnecessary ✓

The role of the Leader of the Opposition includes

1. A commanding provincial police ✓
2. B dissolving the Senate unilaterally ✓
3. C appointing army chief alone ✓
4. D leading shadow scrutiny and participating in key appointments ✓

Provincial assemblies elect Senate members to ensure

1. A population-only representation at all levels ✓
2. B federalism and provincial equality in the upper house ✓
3. C abolition of the National Assembly ✓
4. D direct military rule in provinces ✓

The federal legislative list after the 18th Amendment

1. A includes every local matter exclusively at center ✓
2. B is narrower with more subjects devolved to provinces ✓
3. C was abolished entirely without lists ✓
4. D transferred all powers to foreign NGOs ✓

Islamabad Capital Territory is administered by

1. A the federal government through its own governance arrangements ✓
2. B a full province with identical status to Punjab always ✓
3. C foreign UN administration ✓
4. D the Senate as local council ✓

Gilgit-Baltistan and Azad Jammu and Kashmir have

1. A identical constitutional status as Punjab since 1947 ✓
2. B no governance structures ✓
3. C special autonomous arrangements distinct from the four provinces ✓
4. D membership in the Indian Union ✓

The political role of ulema and religious parties includes

1. A exclusive command of the military always ✓
2. B permanent ban from elections since 1973 ✓
3. C appointment of all Supreme Court judges ✓
4. D mobilization on Islamic issues and coalition politics ✓

Corruption and accountability politics in Pakistan involve institutions like

1. A only foreign courts ✓
2. B NAB and public debate over transparency ✓
3. C no oversight bodies at all ✓
4. D the Senate as criminal court exclusively ✓

Pakistan's foreign policy executive authority is exercised by

1. A provincial assemblies independently ✓
2. B the Prime Minister and cabinet with President as formal head of state ✓
3. C Supreme Court justices alone ✓
4. D local mayors exclusively ✓

Impeachment or removal of the President requires

1. A simple police complaint ✓
2. B Senate chairman decision alone ✓
3. C two-thirds majority of both houses under Article 47 ✓
4. D provincial governor vote only ✓

The National Security Committee (or similar forums) coordinates

1. A provincial education curricula only ✓
2. B Senate electoral symbols ✓
3. C judicial appointments exclusively ✓
4. D civil-military input on defense and security policy ✓

Pakistan's political history shows alternation between

1. A continuous uninterrupted democracy since 1947 ✓
2. B civilian democratic rule and military regimes ✓
3. C permanent martial law without breaks ✓
4. D foreign direct colonial rule after 1973 ✓

The 2008 elections marked

1. A transition from Musharraf era to PPP-led civilian government ✓
2. B Ayub Khan's first election ✓
3. C 1970 election before Bangladesh ✓
4. D immediate 18th Amendment passage without parliament ✓

Article 17 guarantees citizens

1. A ban on all political parties ✓
2. B mandatory single-party membership ✓
3. C freedom of association including formation of political parties subject to law ✓
4. D exclusion of minorities from politics ✓

Reserved seats for women in the National Assembly aim to

1. A exclude women from general seats entirely ✓
2. B ensure minimum representation in legislation ✓
3. C replace all male members ✓
4. D abolish Senate women seats ✓

Pakistan's parliamentary committee system allows

1. A detailed legislative scrutiny and oversight of executives ✓
2. B no review of budgets ✓
3. C Supreme Court to draft all bills ✓
4. D military veto on every bill automatically ✓

Governments derive legitimacy in theory from

1. A hereditary succession ✓
2. B military rank alone ✓
3. C foreign appointment without vote ✓
4. D free elections and constitutional compliance ✓

The Speaker of the National Assembly

1. A presides over sessions and maintains order ✓
2. B commands the army ✓
3. C appoints provincial governors unilaterally ✓
4. D serves as Chief Justice ✓

The National Assembly meets at

1. A Governor House Lahore only ✓
2. B Parliament House in Islamabad ✓
3. C Supreme Court building exclusively ✓
4. D Karachi Port Trust ✓

The Joint Chiefs of Staff Committee coordinates

1. A provincial police forces ✓
2. B Election Commission operations ✓
3. C Senate legislative drafting ✓
4. D inter-services military leadership ✓

Political patronage and clientelism in Pakistan often manifest through

1. A complete absence of personal connections in politics ✓
2. B purely ideological voting without local factors always ✓
3. C distribution of jobs, development funds, and local influence networks ✓
4. D foreign-only campaign financing exclusively ✓

Strengthening democratic institutions in Pakistan requires

1. A permanent martial law ✓
2. B abolition of elections ✓
3. C respect for constitution, independent judiciary, and civilian control of military ✓
4. D one-party rule ✓