Pharmacology MCQs 2026

Pharmacokinetics in medicine refers to

1. Awhat the body does to a drug: ADME processes✓
2. Btime for drug concentration to reduce by half✓
3. Cratio of toxic to therapeutic dose indicating safety margin✓
4. Dharmful unintended effect of a drug at normal doses✓

Pharmacodynamics in medicine refers to

1. Ahepatic metabolism before drug reaches systemic circulation✓
2. Baltered effect when two drugs are given together✓
3. Cwhat a drug does to the body: mechanism and effects✓
4. Dinitial high dose to reach target concentration quickly✓

Bioavailability in medicine refers to

1. Aratio of toxic to therapeutic dose indicating safety margin✓
2. Bfraction of administered drug reaching systemic circulation✓
3. Charmful unintended effect of a drug at normal doses✓
4. Dregular dose to maintain steady-state concentration✓

Half-life in medicine refers to

1. Aaltered effect when two drugs are given together✓
2. Btime for drug concentration to reduce by half✓
3. Cinitial high dose to reach target concentration quickly✓
4. Dwhat the body does to a drug: ADME processes✓

First-pass metabolism in medicine refers to

1. Aharmful unintended effect of a drug at normal doses✓
2. Bregular dose to maintain steady-state concentration✓
3. Chepatic metabolism before drug reaches systemic circulation✓
4. Dwhat a drug does to the body: mechanism and effects✓

Therapeutic index in medicine refers to

1. Ainitial high dose to reach target concentration quickly✓
2. Bwhat the body does to a drug: ADME processes✓
3. Cratio of toxic to therapeutic dose indicating safety margin✓
4. Dfraction of administered drug reaching systemic circulation✓

Drug interaction in medicine refers to

1. Aaltered effect when two drugs are given together✓
2. Bregular dose to maintain steady-state concentration✓
3. Cwhat a drug does to the body: mechanism and effects✓
4. Dtime for drug concentration to reduce by half✓

Adverse drug reaction in medicine refers to

1. Awhat the body does to a drug: ADME processes✓
2. Bfraction of administered drug reaching systemic circulation✓
3. Chepatic metabolism before drug reaches systemic circulation✓
4. Dharmful unintended effect of a drug at normal doses✓

Loading dose in medicine refers to

1. Awhat a drug does to the body: mechanism and effects✓
2. Btime for drug concentration to reduce by half✓
3. Cratio of toxic to therapeutic dose indicating safety margin✓
4. Dinitial high dose to reach target concentration quickly✓

Maintenance dose in medicine refers to

1. Afraction of administered drug reaching systemic circulation✓
2. Bhepatic metabolism before drug reaches systemic circulation✓
3. Cregular dose to maintain steady-state concentration✓
4. Daltered effect when two drugs are given together✓

Pharmacology case 4: a elderly polypharmacy patient presenting with consent issue requires the clinician to

1. Aensure informed voluntary consent before invasive procedure✓
2. Bdelay all investigations until next outpatient visit✓
3. Cdischarge without vital sign monitoring✓
4. Dprescribe antibiotics without clinical indication✓

Pharmacology case 9: a renal failure patient presenting with referral decision requires the clinician to

1. Arefer to appropriate specialist when care exceeds primary level capacity✓
2. Bdelay all investigations until next outpatient visit✓
3. Cdischarge without vital sign monitoring✓
4. Dprescribe antibiotics without clinical indication✓

Pharmacology case 25: a elderly polypharmacy patient presenting with referral decision requires the clinician to

1. Arefer to appropriate specialist when care exceeds primary level capacity✓
2. Bdelay all investigations until next outpatient visit✓
3. Cdischarge without vital sign monitoring✓
4. Dprescribe antibiotics without clinical indication✓

Pharmacology case 29: a pregnant woman on medication presenting with drug reaction requires the clinician to

1. Adelay all investigations until next outpatient visit✓
2. Bdischarge without vital sign monitoring✓
3. Cstop suspected agent and document allergy in patient record✓
4. Dprescribe antibiotics without clinical indication✓

Pharmacology case 32: a pregnant woman on medication presenting with consent issue requires the clinician to

1. Adelay all investigations until next outpatient visit✓
2. Bdischarge without vital sign monitoring✓
3. Cprescribe antibiotics without clinical indication✓
4. Densure informed voluntary consent before invasive procedure✓

Pharmacology case 37: a elderly polypharmacy patient presenting with drug reaction requires the clinician to

1. Adelay all investigations until next outpatient visit✓
2. Bdischarge without vital sign monitoring✓
3. Cprescribe antibiotics without clinical indication✓
4. Dstop suspected agent and document allergy in patient record✓

Pharmacology case 48: a renal failure patient presenting with drug reaction requires the clinician to

1. Adelay all investigations until next outpatient visit✓
2. Bstop suspected agent and document allergy in patient record✓
3. Cdischarge without vital sign monitoring✓
4. Dprescribe antibiotics without clinical indication✓

Pharmacology case 51: a renal failure patient presenting with consent issue requires the clinician to

1. Adelay all investigations until next outpatient visit✓
2. Bdischarge without vital sign monitoring✓
3. Censure informed voluntary consent before invasive procedure✓
4. Dprescribe antibiotics without clinical indication✓

Pharmacology case 53: a pregnant woman on medication presenting with referral decision requires the clinician to

1. Arefer to appropriate specialist when care exceeds primary level capacity✓
2. Bdelay all investigations until next outpatient visit✓
3. Cdischarge without vital sign monitoring✓
4. Dprescribe antibiotics without clinical indication✓