Introduction to Agriculture and Integrated Farming Systems MCQs 2026

Farmyard manure mainly supplies plants with

1. A Only table salt ✓
2. B Organic matter and nutrients ✓
3. C Only diesel fuel ✓
4. D Only herbicide ✓

Integrated nutrient management combines organic sources with

1. A Chemical fertilizers and biofertilizers ✓
2. B Only harvest bans ✓
3. C Only crop burning ✓
4. D Only export duties ✓

The systems approach in agriculture studies a farm as

1. A Separate unrelated activities ✓
2. B Only a seed store ✓
3. C A set of interacting components ✓
4. D A single machine part ✓

Climate-smart agriculture seeks to increase productivity, adaptation and

1. A Soil erosion ✓
2. B Water wastage ✓
3. C Pesticide misuse ✓
4. D Greenhouse gas mitigation where possible ✓

A ley farming system alternates arable crops with

1. A Only fish ponds ✓
2. B Only greenhouses ✓
3. C Temporary grass or pasture ✓
4. D Only market shops ✓

Conservation agriculture is based on minimum soil disturbance, crop cover and

1. A Only monoculture ✓
2. B Maximum residue burning ✓
3. C No rotation ever ✓
4. D Diverse crop rotations ✓

A resilient farming system is one that can

1. A Depend on one input only ✓
2. B Absorb shocks and continue functioning ✓
3. C Avoid all adaptation ✓
4. D Eliminate biodiversity ✓

The main purpose of farm records is to support

1. A Informed management and financial decisions ✓
2. B Only ceremonial reporting ✓
3. C Random guessing ✓
4. D Avoidance of planning ✓

A biofertilizer is a preparation containing

1. A Only sand particles ✓
2. B Only synthetic dye ✓
3. C Only diesel additives ✓
4. D Beneficial living microorganisms ✓

The term value addition in agriculture means

1. A Reducing product usefulness ✓
2. B Increasing product value through processing or grading ✓
3. C Destroying all packaging ✓
4. D Stopping marketing ✓

Farm mechanization primarily aims to improve

1. A Timeliness and efficiency of operations ✓
2. B Only paperwork volume ✓
3. C Pest resistance of weeds ✓
4. D Rainfall amount ✓

A kitchen garden is mainly intended to supply

1. A Only export timber ✓
2. B Household vegetables and herbs ✓
3. C Industrial cotton fibre ✓
4. D Only poultry feed ✓

A relay crop is planted

1. A Before harvesting the standing crop ✓
2. B Only in orchards ✓
3. C After total harvest of the previous crop only ✓
4. D Only in fallow land ✓

Cropping intensity is calculated from gross cropped area divided by

1. A Farm family size ✓
2. B Net sown area ✓
3. C Total rainfall ✓
4. D Market distance ✓

A cropping pattern means the

1. A Legal ownership of land only ✓
2. B Colour of grain only ✓
3. C Annual arrangement of crops in an area ✓
4. D Brand of tractor ✓

Integrated pest management gives priority to

1. A Only repeated pesticide sprays ✓
2. B Using one insecticide forever ✓
3. C Ignoring pest monitoring ✓
4. D Combining cultural, biological and chemical methods ✓

The term arable farming refers mainly to production of

1. A Field crops on cultivated land ✓
2. B Fish only ✓
3. C Livestock only ✓
4. D Timber only ✓

Subsistence farming is characterized mainly by production for

1. A Export markets only ✓
2. B Factory raw material only ✓
3. C Household consumption ✓
4. D Speculative storage ✓

Agriculture is best defined as the science and art of

1. A Studying rocks only ✓
2. B Cultivating crops and rearing animals ✓
3. C Manufacturing metal tools ✓
4. D Trading finished goods ✓

The term agronomy mainly deals with

1. A Fruit storage ✓
2. B Animal anatomy ✓
3. C Forest tourism ✓
4. D Field crop production and soil management ✓

Horticulture is the branch of agriculture concerned mainly with

1. A Fruits, vegetables and ornamental plants ✓
2. B Only cereal storage ✓
3. C Only farm taxation ✓
4. D Only animal vaccination ✓

An integrated farming system combines crop production with

1. A Only laboratory chemistry ✓
2. B Only import trade ✓
3. C Livestock, fishery or other farm enterprises ✓
4. D Only legal drafting ✓

The chief advantage of integrated farming for a small farmer is

1. A Complete removal of labour ✓
2. B Diversified income and risk reduction ✓
3. C Dependence on one crop only ✓
4. D Elimination of soil organisms ✓

A farming system is best described as

1. A An arrangement of farm resources and enterprises ✓
2. B Only a single seed variety ✓
3. C Only a market price list ✓
4. D A pesticide label ✓

Mixed farming commonly refers to raising crops along with

1. A Mining operations ✓
2. B Textile processing ✓
3. C Sugar refining ✓
4. D Livestock ✓

Commercial farming differs from subsistence farming because it is mainly oriented toward

1. A Market sale and profit ✓
2. B Forest worship only ✓
3. C Household rituals ✓
4. D No surplus production ✓

Sustainable agriculture aims to maintain productivity while conserving

1. A Only office records ✓
2. B Only market monopolies ✓
3. C Only transport permits ✓
4. D Natural resources for future use ✓

Organic farming places the greatest emphasis on

1. A Synthetic fertilizer alone ✓
2. B Recycling organic matter and biological processes ✓
3. C Burning all crop residues ✓
4. D Continuous monoculture only ✓

The green revolution was mainly associated with

1. A New land revenue courts ✓
2. B Abolition of irrigation ✓
3. C High-yielding varieties with inputs ✓
4. D Decline of fertilizers ✓

A monocropping system means growing

1. A One crop repeatedly on the same land ✓
2. B Fish and poultry together ✓
3. C Only forest trees ✓
4. D Several crops at the same time ✓

Crop rotation is useful mainly because it helps

1. A Keep one pest host forever ✓
2. B Break pest cycles and improve soil use ✓
3. C Remove all crop diversity ✓
4. D Stop nutrient recycling ✓

Intercropping means growing

1. A One crop after another only ✓
2. B Only weeds with a crop ✓
3. C Only perennial trees ✓
4. D Two or more crops together in a field ✓

Agroforestry combines agriculture with

1. A Trees or shrubs on the same land unit ✓
2. B Only deep-sea fishing ✓
3. C Only metal fabrication ✓
4. D Urban policing ✓

The main objective of crop-livestock integration is to

1. A Separate nutrient cycles fully ✓
2. B Increase only pesticide use ✓
3. C Stop manure use ✓
4. D Recycle resources within the farm ✓

Natural resource management in agriculture focuses mainly on efficient use of

1. A Ink and paper ✓
2. B Court files ✓
3. C Land, water and biodiversity ✓
4. D Bank stamps ✓

Composting is the process of

1. A Destroying all soil microbes ✓
2. B Making synthetic pesticide ✓
3. C Freezing seed samples ✓
4. D Controlled decomposition of organic residues ✓

Vermicompost is produced with the help of

1. A Earthworms ✓
2. B Locust swarms ✓
3. C Termite poison ✓
4. D Mineral oil ✓

A farm enterprise budget is prepared to estimate

1. A Rainfall only ✓
2. B Soil colour only ✓
3. C Costs, returns and profit of an enterprise ✓
4. D Leaf shape only ✓

A farm plan should primarily match enterprises with

1. A Available resources and farmer objectives ✓
2. B Only fashion trends ✓
3. C Only political slogans ✓
4. D Random crop choices ✓

Risk in farming is high mainly because production depends strongly on

1. A Fixed office hours ✓
2. B Guaranteed prices only ✓
3. C No biological factors ✓
4. D Weather, pests and markets ✓

Diversification reduces farm risk by

1. A Depending on a single crop ✓
2. B Spreading income sources ✓
3. C Eliminating all records ✓
4. D Avoiding markets completely ✓

The main biological resource in agriculture is

1. A Living organisms used in production ✓
2. B Only concrete canals ✓
3. C Only cash ledgers ✓
4. D Only imported machinery ✓

Solar energy is important in agriculture because it drives

1. A Only land records ✓
2. B Only irrigation taxes ✓
3. C Only pesticide labels ✓
4. D Photosynthesis ✓

Photosynthesis mainly converts carbon dioxide and water into

1. A Urea fertilizer ✓
2. B Pesticide solution ✓
3. C Glucose and oxygen ✓
4. D Diesel fuel ✓

The basic unit of agricultural production planning is usually the

1. A River basin only ✓
2. B Individual farm ✓
3. C National museum ✓
4. D Court district ✓

Traditional agriculture is generally characterized by

1. A High dependence on local knowledge and manual labour ✓
2. B Complete automation ✓
3. C No seed saving ever ✓
4. D Only satellite control ✓

Modern agriculture commonly emphasizes

1. A No machinery use ✓
2. B Input-responsive varieties and technology ✓
3. C Only wild collection ✓
4. D No market linkages ✓

Pastoral farming is mainly concerned with

1. A Warehouse accounting ✓
2. B Fruit grafting only ✓
3. C Growing rice only ✓
4. D Raising grazing animals ✓

The farm household approach recognizes that farmers make decisions based on

1. A Only crop yield ✓
2. B Production and family livelihood needs ✓
3. C Only pesticide price ✓
4. D Only seed colour ✓

Integrated agriculture emphasizes

1. A combined use of land, water, biological and energy resources ✓
2. B only chemical fertilizer sales ✓
3. C excluding livestock entirely ✓
4. D abandoning irrigation ✓

Food security means

1. A reliable access to sufficient safe nutritious food ✓
2. B only exporting cash crops ✓
3. C stockpiling weapons ✓
4. D banning all imports forever ✓

Organic farming avoids or strictly limits

1. A all crop rotation ✓
2. B synthetic fertilizers and pesticides ✓
3. C all animal manure ✓
4. D all mulching ✓

Precision agriculture uses

1. A random broadcasting only ✓
2. B no soil data ✓
3. C site-specific technology to optimize inputs ✓
4. D guesswork without maps ✓

Which is a primary natural resource base for agriculture

1. A plastic packaging ✓
2. B imported software ✓
3. C land (soil) ✓
4. D urban concrete only ✓

Solar energy is essential in agriculture mainly because it drives

1. A tractor diesel combustion only ✓
2. B nitrogen fertilizer factories only ✓
3. C cold storage compressors only ✓
4. D photosynthesis in crops ✓

Biological resources in agriculture include

1. A seeds, plants, animals and beneficial microbes ✓
2. B only steel tools ✓
3. C only diesel fuel ✓
4. D only concrete canals ✓

The ultimate source of energy for almost all food chains on farms is

1. A groundwater pumps ✓
2. B urea bags ✓
3. C tractor batteries ✓
4. D the sun ✓

Sustainable agriculture aims to

1. A maximize short-term yield at any cost ✓
2. B meet present needs without destroying future productive capacity ✓
3. C eliminate all soil organic matter ✓
4. D use unlimited groundwater forever ✓

Subsistence farming primarily aims to

1. A meet the household's own food needs ✓
2. B export only luxury crops ✓
3. C supply only factories ✓
4. D avoid growing any food ✓

Commercial agriculture is oriented toward

1. A only barter within one village ✓
2. B producing for sale in markets ✓
3. C zero surplus ✓
4. D abandoning cash crops ✓

Mixed farming typically combines

1. A only fish and only orchards with no crops ✓
2. B mining and forestry only ✓
3. C crop production with livestock rearing ✓
4. D only floriculture exports ✓

Extensive agriculture is characterized by

1. A very high input on tiny plots only ✓
2. B only greenhouse hydroponics ✓
3. C zero land use ✓
4. D large area with relatively low input per unit area ✓

Intensive agriculture uses

1. A high inputs of labor, capital or technology per unit area ✓
2. B no fertilizers ever ✓
3. C abandoned fields only ✓
4. D only fallow forever ✓

Arable farming refers mainly to

1. A only dairy without crops ✓
2. B only deep-sea fishing ✓
3. C only beekeeping ✓
4. D cultivation of field crops on ploughed land ✓

Pastoral farming focuses on

1. A only wheat monoculture ✓
2. B only vegetable tunnels ✓
3. C rearing of grazing animals ✓
4. D only mushroom sheds ✓

Cash crops are grown mainly for

1. A sale and income ✓
2. B only home cooking ✓
3. C only animal fodder on-farm ✓
4. D never selling ✓

Food crops are grown mainly for

1. A only industrial fiber ✓
2. B only biofuel export ✓
3. C human consumption as food ✓
4. D only ornamental use ✓

Fiber crops are exemplified by

1. A wheat ✓
2. B cotton ✓
3. C potato ✓
4. D tomato ✓

The green revolution is associated with

1. A abandoning all irrigation ✓
2. B high-yielding varieties, fertilizers and irrigation expansion ✓
3. C banning fertilizers ✓
4. D ending plant breeding ✓

Agricultural biodiversity includes

1. A only one wheat variety nationwide ✓
2. B only concrete channels ✓
3. C variety of crops, livestock breeds and associated species ✓
4. D only pesticide brands ✓

A fallow period is when land is

1. A planted twice daily ✓
2. B always under plastic ✓
3. C never allowed to rest ✓
4. D left uncropped for rest or moisture conservation ✓

Monoculture is

1. A growing a single crop repeatedly on a field ✓
2. B always mixing ten crops ✓
3. C never planting anything ✓
4. D only livestock grazing ✓

The main product of photosynthesis used by plants as food is

1. A urea crystals ✓
2. B rock phosphate ✓
3. C common salt ✓
4. D carbohydrates (sugars) ✓

Nitrogen fixation converts atmospheric N2 into

1. A pure oxygen only ✓
2. B methane gas only ✓
3. C plant-usable nitrogen compounds ✓
4. D table sugar ✓

Which resource is most directly improved by adding farmyard manure

1. A diesel octane rating ✓
2. B soil organic matter and fertility ✓
3. C tractor horsepower ✓
4. D canal lining steel ✓

Contour farming on slopes helps to

1. A increase gully formation ✓
2. B reduce soil erosion ✓
3. C remove all vegetation ✓
4. D maximize runoff speed ✓

Agroecology studies

1. A only stock market prices ✓
2. B only tractor brands ✓
3. C ecological processes applied to agricultural systems ✓
4. D only urban architecture ✓

Which is an abiotic factor affecting crops

1. A insect pests ✓
2. B weeds ✓
3. C fungal pathogens ✓
4. D temperature ✓

Which is a biotic factor affecting crops

1. A rainfall ✓
2. B soil texture ✓
3. C insect pests ✓
4. D day length ✓

The term husbandry in agriculture refers to

1. A only wedding ceremonies ✓
2. B only mining leases ✓
3. C only software coding ✓
4. D careful management of crops or animals ✓

Dryland farming is practiced mainly in

1. A continuously flooded paddies only ✓
2. B areas with limited rainfall without assured irrigation ✓
3. C arctic ice sheets ✓
4. D deep oceans ✓

The calorie supply of most Pakistanis depends heavily on

1. A cereals especially wheat ✓
2. B only imported caviar ✓
3. C only cocoa beans ✓
4. D only maple syrup ✓

Agricultural land capability classification helps to

1. A ignore soil differences ✓
2. B match land use to soil suitability ✓
3. C ban all cropping ✓
4. D replace soil surveys ✓

Renewable natural resources in farming include

1. A solar radiation and soil fertility if conserved ✓
2. B petroleum only ✓
3. C coal seams only ✓
4. D finite mineral ores only ✓

The primary goal of conservation agriculture includes

1. A deep ploughing every week ✓
2. B burning all residues always ✓
3. C minimum soil disturbance, cover and rotations ✓
4. D bare fallow forever ✓

Which best describes natural capital for a farm

1. A soil, water, biodiversity and climate services ✓
2. B only bank loans ✓
3. C only pesticide invoices ✓
4. D only smartphone apps ✓

Human resources in agriculture include

1. A only rainfall ✓
2. B farmers' knowledge, labor and skills ✓
3. C only bedrock ✓
4. D only sunlight hours ✓