Constitutional Development of Pakistan MCQs 2026

The 1962 Constitution was introduced by

1. A Liaquat Ali Khan ✓
2. B Ayub Khan ✓
3. C Z.A. Bhutto ✓
4. D Nawaz Sharif ✓

Pakistan's first constitution was promulgated in

1. A 1956 ✓
2. B 1947 ✓
3. C 1962 ✓
4. D 1973 ✓

The 1956 Constitution established Pakistan as

1. A a presidential republic without Islam provisions ✓
2. B a monarchy under the British Crown permanently ✓
3. C an Islamic Republic with a parliamentary system ✓
4. D a unitary state without provinces ✓

The Objectives Resolution was adopted by the Constituent Assembly in

1. A 1947 ✓
2. B 1956 ✓
3. C 1973 ✓
4. D 1949 ✓

The Objectives Resolution affirmed that

1. A sovereignty belongs to Allah and authority is exercised by the people as a trust ✓
2. B the British Parliament is sovereign over Pakistan ✓
3. C the President is above the constitution ✓
4. D fundamental rights are optional for citizens ✓

Between 1947 and 1956, Pakistan was governed largely under

1. A the Government of India Act 1935 with adaptations ✓
2. B the 1973 Constitution ✓
3. C Ayub Khan's 1962 Constitution only ✓
4. D martial law regulations alone ✓

The 1956 Constitution was abrogated by

1. A Zulfikar Ali Bhutto in 1977 ✓
2. B General Ayub Khan in 1958 ✓
3. C General Zia-ul-Haq in 1977 ✓
4. D General Musharraf in 1999 ✓

The 1962 Constitution featured

1. A a ceremonial president and strong prime minister only ✓
2. B no written constitution at all ✓
3. C direct rule by the British Governor-General ✓
4. D a powerful President and a system of Basic Democracies ✓

The 1973 Constitution recognizes Islam as

1. A a private matter with no constitutional mention ✓
2. B one of many equal official religions in law ✓
3. C the state religion ✓
4. D subordinate to secularism exclusively ✓

Basic Democracies under Ayub Khan were

1. A foreign NGOs operating in Pakistan ✓
2. B supreme courts at district level ✓
3. C local councils used as an indirect electoral base ✓
4. D military courts for civilians only ✓

The 1962 Constitution was replaced after

1. A the 1971 war alone without constitutional change ✓
2. B Jinnah's death in 1948 ✓
3. C Ayub Khan's resignation and Yahya Khan's martial law ✓
4. D the Simla Agreement 1972 alone ✓

The 1973 Constitution was passed under

1. A General Zia-ul-Haq ✓
2. B General Ayub Khan ✓
3. C Zulfikar Ali Bhutto ✓
4. D Nawaz Sharif ✓

The 1973 Constitution restored

1. A a parliamentary system with a prime minister as chief executive ✓
2. B presidential rule as in 1962 permanently ✓
3. C British colonial direct rule ✓
4. D a confederation with India ✓

Article 1 of the 1973 Constitution declares Pakistan

1. A a unitary presidential state without provinces ✓
2. B part of the British Commonwealth with no sovereignty ✓
3. C a secular state without religious reference ✓
4. D a federal republic to be known as the Islamic Republic of Pakistan ✓

The 1973 Constitution's Part II covers

1. A foreign policy only ✓
2. B military courts exclusively ✓
3. C election symbols of parties ✓
4. D Fundamental Rights and Principles of Policy ✓

Principles of Policy in the 1973 Constitution are

1. A legally binding on citizens with criminal penalties ✓
2. B directive goals; not enforceable in courts like fundamental rights ✓
3. C identical to fundamental rights in all cases ✓
4. D absent from the 1973 text ✓

The 8th Amendment to the 1973 Constitution was passed in

1. A 1977 ✓
2. B 1985 ✓
3. C 1999 ✓
4. D 2010 ✓

The 8th Amendment introduced Article 58(2)(b) allowing the President to

1. A appoint provincial governors only ✓
2. B override the Supreme Court permanently ✓
3. C abolish the Senate ✓
4. D dissolve the National Assembly ✓

Article 58(2)(b) was introduced during the rule of

1. A Ayub Khan ✓
2. B Yahya Khan ✓
3. C Pervez Musharraf only ✓
4. D General Zia-ul-Haq ✓

The 13th Amendment (1997) largely

1. A introduced martial law ✓
2. B created the Senate ✓
3. C removed the President's power to dissolve the National Assembly ✓
4. D added the Objectives Resolution to the constitution ✓

The 17th Amendment (2003) under the Musharraf-Legal Framework Order

1. A abolished the 1973 Constitution entirely ✓
2. B merged FATA into Punjab ✓
3. C removed all Islamic provisions ✓
4. D partially restored presidential powers including dissolution and NCOC-related changes ✓

The 18th Amendment was passed in

1. A 1985 ✓
2. B 1999 ✓
3. C 2007 ✓
4. D 2010 ✓

The 18th Amendment strengthened

1. A presidential dissolution powers further ✓
2. B military rule permanently ✓
3. C unitary governance without provinces ✓
4. D provincial autonomy and removed the concurrent legislative list ✓

The 18th Amendment renamed NWFP as

1. A Balochistan ✓
2. B Khyber Pakhtunkhwa ✓
3. C Gilgit-Baltistan province only ✓
4. D Azad Kashmir ✓

The National Finance Commission award after the 18th Amendment

1. A abolished all provincial taxation ✓
2. B centralized all resources in Islamabad ✓
3. C ended fiscal transfers to provinces ✓
4. D increased provincial share of divisible pool revenues ✓

The 18th Amendment changed the procedure for appointing judges by requiring

1. A judicial commission recommendations for superior court appointments ✓
2. B sole appointment by the President without consultation ✓
3. C election by provincial assemblies only ✓
4. D appointment by the army chief ✓

The 18th Amendment removed the

1. A concurrent legislative list, expanding exclusive provincial powers ✓
2. B fundamental rights chapter entirely ✓
3. C status of Islam as state religion ✓
4. D existence of the Senate ✓

Article 62 and 63 of the 1973 Constitution deal with

1. A qualifications and disqualifications for members of Parliament ✓
2. B emergency provisions only ✓
3. C foreign treaties only ✓
4. D provincial boundary changes only ✓

Article 248 provides

1. A lifetime immunity for all politicians ✓
2. B no immunity for any official ✓
3. C limited immunity to the President and Governors during office ✓
4. D immunity for military officers only in courts martial ✓

The Council of Islamic Ideology under the 1973 Constitution

1. A passes binding legislation independently ✓
2. B advises on conformity of laws with Islam ✓
3. C commands the armed forces ✓
4. D appoints the Prime Minister ✓

The Federal Shariat Court was established to

1. A replace the Supreme Court entirely ✓
2. B conduct general elections ✓
3. C manage zakat collection only ✓
4. D examine laws for repugnancy to the injunctions of Islam ✓

The 1973 Constitution designates the Prime Minister as

1. A ceremonial figure without cabinet role ✓
2. B commander of provincial police only ✓
3. C head of government and chief executive of the federation ✓
4. D appointed solely by the Senate ✓

The President under the 1973 Constitution is

1. A head of government with full executive control always ✓
2. B head of state with formal and reserve powers ✓
3. C elected directly by universal vote since 1973 without change ✓
4. D above the constitution without oath ✓

The Parliament of Pakistan consists of

1. A only the National Assembly ✓
2. B the National Assembly and the Senate ✓
3. C provincial assemblies only ✓
4. D the Supreme Court and NA ✓

The Senate of Pakistan provides

1. A representation strictly by population only ✓
2. B no role in legislation ✓
3. C equal provincial representation regardless of population ✓
4. D appointment of all judges ✓

A constitutional amendment in Pakistan requires

1. A two-thirds majority in both houses where applicable, plus assent ✓
2. B simple majority in one house only ✓
3. C approval by the army chief ✓
4. D referendum always for every clause ✓

The Legal Framework Order (2002) was associated with

1. A Ayub Khan's Basic Democracies ✓
2. B Bhutto's 1973 drafting alone ✓
3. C the Cabinet Mission ✓
4. D General Pervez Musharraf's constitutional restructuring ✓

The 1973 Constitution was suspended during martial law and restored with amendments after

1. A never; it remained untouched since 1973 ✓
2. B only during the 1971 war without later change ✓
3. C Jinnah's era alone ✓
4. D Zia (1985) and Musharraf (2002/2003) ✓

Fundamental Rights in the 1973 Constitution can be suspended during

1. A normal parliamentary sessions only ✓
2. B a proclaimed emergency under Article 232–237 ✓
3. C provincial holidays ✓
4. D Senate elections only ✓

The Objectives Resolution was made a substantive part of the constitution by

1. A the 18th Amendment alone ✓
2. B the 8th Amendment (1985) ✓
3. C the 1956 Constitution only ✓
4. D the Lahore Resolution ✓

The 1956 Constitution provided for

1. A one unit (West Pakistan and East Pakistan as two provinces) ✓
2. B four provinces as today without change ✓
3. C no provinces at all ✓
4. D annexation of Kashmir as a province ✓

One Unit was introduced in

1. A 1955 ✓
2. B 1947 ✓
3. C 1971 ✓
4. D 2010 ✓

The 1973 Constitution originally had

1. A always four western provinces from 1973 ✓
2. B two provinces in the west and East Pakistan until 1971 ✓
3. C no mention of provinces ✓
4. D only tribal areas as units ✓

East Pakistan seceded in 1971 leading to

1. A restoration of the 1956 Constitution unchanged ✓
2. B the creation of Bangladesh and adoption of the 1973 Constitution for truncated Pakistan ✓
3. C annexation by India of all Pakistan ✓
4. D continuation of One Unit permanently ✓

The 1962 Constitution abolished

1. A the office of president ✓
2. B all courts ✓
3. C provincial boundaries permanently ✓
4. D the office of prime minister (initially) ✓

The 1973 Constitution restored the Prime Ministership and weakened the presidency until

1. A the 1956 Constitution returned unchanged ✓
2. B the 1962 Basic Democracies returned ✓
3. C the 8th Amendment reversed the balance partially ✓
4. D the British reoccupied India ✓

Article 184(3) of the 1973 Constitution allows the Supreme Court

1. A to dissolve the National Assembly ✓
2. B to appoint governors ✓
3. C original jurisdiction in matters of public importance ✓
4. D to conduct elections independently ✓

The 18th Amendment reduced the President's discretion in appointing the PM by requiring

1. A summoning the leader commanding the confidence of the NA ✓
2. B military nomination ✓
3. C Senate majority only ✓
4. D Governor-General's pleasure ✓

Article 63-A deals with

1. A judicial retirement age ✓
2. B disqualification on grounds of defection (floor crossing) ✓
3. C provincial police rules ✓
4. D foreign policy ratification ✓

The 1973 Constitution's emergency provisions include

1. A proclamation of emergency on war, internal disturbance, or threat to security ✓
2. B permanent martial law without review ✓
3. C dissolution of the Supreme Court automatically ✓
4. D abolition of provinces without vote ✓

Zia's Islamization included constitutional changes through

1. A the 18th Amendment only ✓
2. B the 8th Amendment and establishment of Shariat benches/FSC expansion ✓
3. C repealing the Objectives Resolution ✓
4. D secularizing the preamble entirely ✓

The 1973 Constitution sets the term of the National Assembly at

1. A four years fixed without dissolution ✓
2. B life tenure for members ✓
3. C five years unless dissolved sooner ✓
4. D two years renewable by Senate only ✓

Governors under the 1973 Constitution are appointed by

1. A direct election in each province ✓
2. B the Chief Justice of Pakistan ✓
3. C the President on advice of the Prime Minister ✓
4. D the Senate alone without PM advice ✓

The 1956 Constitution's abrogation led to

1. A immediate adoption of the 1973 text ✓
2. B British re-rule ✓
3. C merger with India ✓
4. D a decade without a fully operative permanent constitution until 1962 ✓

Martial Law Proclamation of 1958 was issued by

1. A President Iskander Mirza with General Ayub as Chief Martial Law Administrator ✓
2. B Liaquat Ali Khan ✓
3. C Bhutto in 1977 alone ✓
4. D Musharraf in 1999 alone ✓

The 1973 Constitution was drafted under Bhutto with major input from

1. A Lord Mountbatten in 1947 ✓
2. B Mahmud Ali Kasuri and the constitutional committee ✓
3. C General Ayub Khan in 1962 alone ✓
4. D the Muslim League session at Lahore 1940 ✓

Article 41 of the 1973 Constitution concerns

1. A fundamental rights enforcement ✓
2. B provincial legislative lists ✓
3. C the election and qualifications of the President ✓
4. D zakat and ushr only ✓

The 17th Amendment validated

1. A Bhutto's 1973 draft alone ✓
2. B Ayub's Basic Democracies only ✓
3. C Musharraf's Legal Framework Order and extended his presidency ✓
4. D the 1956 Islamic Republic provisions unchanged ✓

The 18th Amendment barred courts from

1. A hearing human rights cases ✓
2. B validating unconstitutional seizures of power (Article 6 and related changes) ✓
3. C reviewing provincial laws ✓
4. D appointing the Election Commission ✓

Article 6 of the 1973 Constitution defines

1. A tax evasion by citizens ✓
2. B defection from political parties ✓
3. C high treason for abrogating or subverting the constitution ✓
4. D contempt of court only ✓

The 1962 Constitution's "Parity" concept between East and West was replaced in 1973 by

1. A One Unit in all of Pakistan again ✓
2. B abolition of the Senate ✓
3. C direct colonial rule ✓
4. D recognition of four provinces in the west after Bangladesh's separation ✓

Constitutional politics in Pakistan often centers on tension between

1. A monarchy and republic only ✓
2. B federalism and local councils only ✓
3. C Shariat Court and district courts only ✓
4. D parliamentary supremacy and presidential/military override powers ✓

The first Constituent Assembly of Pakistan was dissolved in 1954 by

1. A Governor-General Ghulam Muhammad ✓
2. B Ayub Khan in 1958 alone ✓
3. C Zia in 1977 ✓
4. D Musharraf in 1999 ✓

The 1973 Constitution's Chapter on Armed Forces requires the military to

1. A elect the President independently ✓
2. B serve under civilian direction and oath to uphold the constitution ✓
3. C dissolve parliament at will without review ✓
4. D operate without civilian government ✓

The 8th Amendment's Article 58(2)(b) was used most controversially to

1. A dismiss elected governments in the 1990s ✓
2. B appoint Supreme Court judges only ✓
3. C conduct census alone ✓
4. D manage foreign aid only ✓

The 18th Amendment reformed the

1. A 1956 flag alone ✓
2. B NFC award, judicial appointments, and provincial legislative autonomy ✓
3. C Lahore Resolution text ✓
4. D Radcliffe boundary lines ✓

Pakistan's constitutional identity combines

1. A Islamic provisions, federalism, and parliamentary democracy ✓
2. B pure secular unitary state ✓
3. C hereditary monarchy ✓
4. D direct military rule as permanent form ✓

The 1956 and 1973 constitutions both declared Pakistan

1. A a socialist peoples republic without Islam ✓
2. B a secular republic without Islam ✓
3. C an Islamic Republic ✓
4. D a monarchy ✓

The interim constitution after 1947 used the title Governor-General derived from

1. A colonial constitutional practice under the Independence Act ✓
2. B the 1973 Constitution ✓
3. C Ayub's 1962 text ✓
4. D the US Constitution ✓

Constitutional amendments totaling more than forty reflect

1. A frequent political settlements after martial law and power-sharing deals ✓
2. B a constitution that cannot be changed ✓
3. C absence of any military influence on politics ✓
4. D identical text since 1973 without change ✓