Seed Science and Seed Production Technology MCQs 2026

Nucleus seed is generally maintained under the direct supervision of

1. Aa commercial seed dealer✓
2. Bthe original breeder or responsible breeding institution✓
3. Cthe grain procurement agency✓
4. Dthe pesticide registration office✓

Breeder seed is normally used for producing

1. Acertified seed directly for farmers✓
2. Btruthfully labelled grain✓
3. Cfoundation seed✓
4. Dhybrid seed only✓

The blue tag in common seed certification systems is associated with

1. Abreeder seed✓
2. Bnucleus seed✓
3. Cfoundation seed✓
4. Dcertified seed✓

A standard germination test measures the percentage of seeds that produce

1. Anormal seedlings under favorable conditions✓
2. Bseedlings with maximum root dry weight only✓
3. Cplants with highest grain yield only✓
4. Dsprouts under field stress conditions only✓

Tetrazolium testing is mainly used to estimate seed

1. Agenetic purity✓
2. Bviability✓
3. Ctest weight✓
4. Dfield emergence spacing✓

The most important factor controlling safe long-term storage of orthodox seeds is

1. Ahigh seed moisture combined with high temperature✓
2. Bcontinuous exposure to sunlight✓
3. Clow seed moisture combined with low temperature✓
4. Dstorage in freshly harvested green pods✓

Recalcitrant seeds differ from orthodox seeds because they

1. Aremain viable only after deep freezing at high moisture✓
2. Balways require mechanical scarification✓
3. Care produced only by cereal crops✓
4. Dcannot tolerate substantial drying without loss of viability✓

The thousand seed weight test is mainly an indicator of seed

1. Asize and plumpness✓
2. Bchromosome number✓
3. Cpollen fertility✓
4. Dsoil salinity tolerance✓

Physical purity analysis of a seed sample separates pure seed from

1. Achlorophyll, starch and oil✓
2. Bother crop seed, weed seed and inert matter✓
3. Croot, shoot and coleoptile parts✓
4. Ddominant and recessive seeds✓

Roguing in a seed production field means

1. Amixing two varieties before harvest✓
2. Bspraying herbicide after seed packaging✓
3. Cgrading seed by specific gravity only✓
4. Dremoving off-type, diseased or undesirable plants✓

Isolation distance in seed production is maintained chiefly to prevent

1. Aloss of seed moisture during drying✓
2. Battack by storage insects only✓
3. Cgenetic contamination by unwanted pollen or mixtures✓
4. Dexcess nitrogen fixation in soil✓

Seed dormancy is best described as the failure of viable seed to germinate under

1. Aotherwise favorable conditions✓
2. Bcomplete absence of an embryo✓
3. Czero moisture conditions only✓
4. Dmechanical harvest conditions✓

Scarification is commonly used to overcome dormancy caused by

1. Aabsence of stored food✓
2. Ba hard or impermeable seed coat✓
3. Clow chromosome number✓
4. Dexcessive genetic purity✓

Cold stratification is particularly useful for seeds having

1. Amechanical admixture with inert matter✓
2. Bexcessive seed-borne insects✓
3. Cphysiological dormancy requiring moist chilling✓
4. Dhigh field emergence in warm soil✓

Seed priming is practiced to improve

1. Achromosome doubling in seedlings✓
2. Bseed coat color only✓
3. Clegal ownership of varieties✓
4. Dspeed and uniformity of germination✓

Seed vigour refers to the potential of seed to perform well under

1. Aa wide range of field conditions✓
2. Blaboratory light only✓
3. Cone fixed storage container✓
4. Dzero oxygen conditions✓

Electrical conductivity test of seed leachate is commonly used to assess

1. Afloral biology✓
2. Bsoil pH status✓
3. Cmembrane integrity and seed vigour✓
4. Dseed certification fee✓

The accelerated ageing test is mainly a test of seed

1. Aprotein classification✓
2. Bstorability and vigour✓
3. Cpollen sterility✓
4. Dfield isolation distance✓

In seed processing, air-screen cleaners separate seed mainly on the basis of

1. ADNA sequence only✓
2. Benzyme activity only✓
3. Cflowering date only✓
4. Dsize and aerodynamic properties✓

Gravity separators are especially useful for separating seeds that differ in

1. Apetal color only✓
2. Bspecific weight or density✓
3. Cnumber of cotyledons only✓
4. Dlegal certification class only✓

Seed treatment with fungicide before sowing is mainly intended to control

1. Aseed-borne and soil-borne fungal diseases✓
2. Bphotoperiod sensitivity✓
3. Chybrid sterility✓
4. Dgrain price fluctuation✓

Hot water treatment of seed is commonly used when the target pathogen is

1. Aa rodent in the field✓
2. Ba nutrient deficiency in soil✓
3. Cinside the seed or closely associated with it✓
4. Da weed growing between rows✓

The pure live seed percentage is calculated from

1. Aseed moisture percentage plus inert matter percentage✓
2. Bfield emergence divided by seed rate only✓
3. Ctest weight multiplied by seed price✓
4. Dphysical purity percentage multiplied by germination percentage divided by 100✓

A representative submitted seed sample should be obtained by

1. Acombining primary samples from different containers or positions✓
2. Btaking seed only from the top bag✓
3. Cselecting only the largest seeds by hand✓
4. Dusing harvested grain from a neighboring field✓

In seed testing, inert matter includes

1. Anormal seedlings only✓
2. Bsoil particles, broken stems and non-seed fragments✓
3. Cpure seed of the named variety✓
4. Dviable embryos only✓

A seed lot is best defined as a specified quantity of seed that is

1. Aalways harvested from two unrelated crops✓
2. Bsold without any label✓
3. Creasonably uniform and identified by a lot number✓
4. Dstored only in open sunlight✓

The term genetic purity in seed technology means conformity to the characteristics of the

1. Anearest weed species✓
2. Bsoil type at harvest✓
3. Cprocessing machine brand✓
4. Dspecified variety or hybrid✓

Field inspection in seed certification is conducted to check

1. Aonly the color of storage bags✓
2. Bonly market demand for grain✓
3. Cisolation, off-types, weeds, diseases and crop condition✓
4. Donly moisture in irrigation water✓

The foundation seed class is produced from

1. Abreeder seed under certification standards✓
2. Buncertified grain from local markets✓
3. Ccertified seed after three farmer cycles✓
4. Dweed seed collected from field borders✓

Truthfully labelled seed differs from certified seed because it is

1. Aalways genetically superior to breeder seed✓
2. Blabelled by the producer without formal certification agency approval✓
3. Cnever tested for germination✓
4. Dproduced only in government farms✓

In hybrid seed production, detasseling is a common operation in

1. Awheat✓
2. Brice bean mixtures✓
3. Ccotton lint processing✓
4. Dmaize✓

Male sterility in seed production is useful because it helps

1. Aavoid self-pollination in female lines✓
2. Bincrease seed moisture at harvest✓
3. Cconvert weed seed into crop seed✓
4. Dremove need for isolation completely✓

The restorer line in cytoplasmic male sterile hybrid systems is used to

1. Amaintain sterility in the A line only✓
2. Brestore fertility in the hybrid seed crop✓
3. Creduce seed germination below standard✓
4. Dreplace seed drying after harvest✓

Moisture content of seed for safe storage is commonly measured on a

1. Aleaf area basis✓
2. Broot volume basis✓
3. Cpollen count basis✓
4. Dfresh weight basis✓

For most cereals, harvesting seed at physiological maturity is desirable because

1. Aall seed-borne pathogens have disappeared✓
2. Bseed moisture is always zero✓
3. Cmaximum dry matter accumulation has been reached✓
4. Dgrain can no longer respire✓

Seed hardening generally means exposing seed to controlled hydration and drying to improve

1. Afield establishment under stress✓
2. Bflower color uniformity✓
3. Clegal variety registration✓
4. Dseed coat thickness only✓

Seed pelleting is most useful for

1. Aharvesting green fodder only✓
2. Bmeasuring chromosome number✓
3. Csmall, irregular or difficult-to-sow seeds✓
4. Dincreasing weed seed contamination✓

Seed coating with inoculant is particularly important in legume seed production to promote

1. Aself-incompatibility breakdown✓
2. Bbiological nitrogen fixation✓
3. Closs of seed viability✓
4. Dformation of seedless fruit✓

Seed deterioration during storage is usually accelerated by

1. Alow humidity and cool temperature✓
2. Bsealed moisture-proof packaging after drying✓
3. Clow oxygen with dry seed✓
4. Dhigh moisture and high temperature✓

The Harrington rule of thumb for seed storage relates seed life mainly to

1. Arow spacing and fertilizer dose✓
2. Bseed moisture and storage temperature✓
3. Cpollen shape and stigma color✓
4. Dfield slope and irrigation interval✓

The main objective of seed drying before storage is to reduce

1. Arespiration and microbial activity✓
2. Bgenetic purity of the lot✓
3. Cseed size below legal limit✓
4. Dembryo formation in mature seed✓

A seed health test is designed to detect

1. Agrain market price only✓
2. Bnumber of bags in a warehouse✓
3. Cpathogens associated with seed lots✓
4. Dtractor fuel consumption✓

The grow-out test is especially useful for determining

1. Aoil content of seed only✓
2. Bmoisture content within minutes✓
3. Cdensity of inert matter✓
4. Dgenetic purity and off-type plants✓

In seed multiplication, the lowest multiplication ratio is usually kept for

1. Aearly generation breeder or foundation seed✓
2. Bbulk grain sold for feed✓
3. Cuncertified market seed✓
4. Dweed seed mixtures✓

Seed testing laboratories commonly follow rules and procedures developed by

1. Athe World Meteorological Organization only✓
2. Bthe International Seed Testing Association✓
3. Cthe International Monetary Fund✓
4. Dthe Universal Postal Union✓

A seed crop is rejected for certification when it exceeds prescribed limits for

1. Aoff-types or objectionable weeds✓
2. Buniform plant height only✓
3. Chigh thousand seed weight✓
4. Dlow number of bags✓

The purpose of seed grading is to improve

1. Athe number of chromosomes in seed✓
2. Buniformity and planting value of the seed lot✓
3. Crainfall in the production field✓
4. Dflower fragrance of the variety✓

Seed invigoration treatments are primarily intended to enhance

1. Alegal patent duration✓
2. Bseed coat color for display✓
3. Cgermination rate and seedling performance✓
4. Dfield isolation distance✓

The best stage for roguing off-types in many seed crops is

1. Aonly after seed packaging✓
2. Bonly during seed frying✓
3. Cafter certification labels are printed✓
4. Dbefore flowering and again before harvest✓

The primary purpose of seed certification is to maintain

1. Agenetic purity and prescribed seed quality standards✓
2. Bmaximum fertilizer response in the field✓
3. Cuniform market price of seed✓
4. Dminimum irrigation requirement of seed crops✓