Agroforestry and Social Forestry MCQs 2026

Agroforestry is

1. A growing only wheat without trees ✓
2. B clearing all trees from farms ✓
3. C intentional integration of trees with crops and/or livestock ✓
4. D urban concrete without plants ✓

A common agroforestry practice in Pakistan plains is

1. A planting fir on every canal bank as climax ✓
2. B mangrove in wheat fields ✓
3. C boundary planting of trees around fields ✓
4. D juniper in rice paddies ✓

Alley cropping grows

1. A crops between rows of trees or shrubs ✓
2. B trees only on distant mountains ✓
3. C crops without any woody component ✓
4. D only fish without plants ✓

Silvopasture combines

1. A trees with pasture and livestock ✓
2. B only pure crop monoculture ✓
3. C only concrete yards ✓
4. D only mangrove mud without grass ✓

Agrisilviculture combines

1. A only animals without plants ✓
2. B trees with agricultural crops ✓
3. C only fish and coral ✓
4. D only mining and oil ✓

Shelterbelts on farms mainly

1. A increase wind speed across fields ✓
2. B remove all soil moisture forever ✓
3. C reduce wind damage and erosion ✓
4. D shade out all possible crops always without design ✓

Windbreaks differ from dense solid walls because good design often

1. A blocks 100% of air like a brick wall always ✓
2. B uses porous tree belts that reduce wind without extreme turbulence ✓
3. C uses no height ✓
4. D uses only annual weeds ✓

Poplar-based agroforestry in Pakistan is popular because poplars are

1. A fast-growing and marketable on short rotations ✓
2. B slow alpine climax firs ✓
3. C true mangroves ✓
4. D chilghoza nut pines ✓

Shisham on farmland provides

1. A only mangrove floss ✓
2. B only alpine resin ✓
3. C only chilghoza cones ✓
4. D high-value timber plus shade and other products ✓

Eucalyptus on farms is often chosen for

1. A native fir ecology ✓
2. B mangrove pneumatophores ✓
3. C rapid biomass and adaptability to many sites ✓
4. D juniper cones ✓

Multipurpose trees (MPTs) are valued because they

1. A yield several products such as fuel, fodder, fruit and timber ✓
2. B have only one useless product ✓
3. C never fix nitrogen ✓
4. D cannot be planted on farms ✓

Nitrogen-fixing trees in agroforestry can

1. A improve soil fertility for associated crops ✓
2. B always deplete all soil N ✓
3. C replace the need for any water ✓
4. D turn soil to sand ✓

Competition between trees and crops is managed by

1. A planting the densest canopy on every crop row always ✓
2. B spacing, pruning, root barriers and species choice ✓
3. C never pruning ✓
4. D ignoring allelopathy and shade ✓

Home gardens are agroforestry systems that

1. A mix trees, shrubs and crops near homesteads ✓
2. B exclude all woody plants ✓
3. C grow only one wheat variety in deserts ✓
4. D ban fruit trees ✓

Taungya as a social/agroforestry approach allows

1. A only pure grazing without trees ✓
2. B cultivators to raise crops among young forest plantations for a period ✓
3. C only urban towers ✓
4. D only mining leases ✓

Community woodlots are planted mainly to

1. A export only luxury veneer ✓
2. B replace all agriculture ✓
3. C create alpine climax instantly ✓
4. D supply local fuelwood and reduce pressure on natural forests ✓

Participatory forest management succeeds when

1. A local rights, benefits and responsibilities are clear ✓
2. B benefits are zero ✓
3. C rules are secret ✓
4. D elites capture all without accountability ✓

Gender considerations in social forestry matter because

1. A only men ever use forest products ✓
2. B gender is irrelevant to fuelwood ✓
3. C trees never enter households ✓
4. D women often collect fuel and fodder and influence tree use ✓

Linear plantations along roads and canals are a form of

1. A alpine selection only ✓
2. B social/production forestry using strip lands ✓
3. C true mangrove ecology only ✓
4. D desert oil forestry ✓

Fruit trees in agroforestry add

1. A food and income besides wood products ✓
2. B only timber with no fruit ✓
3. C only resin ✓
4. D only tannin always ✓

Fodder trees help livestock systems by

1. A poisoning all animals always ✓
2. B replacing water needs ✓
3. C providing leaf forage especially in lean seasons ✓
4. D eliminating grasses forever ✓

Energy plantations aim to

1. A grow only ornamental flowers ✓
2. B produce fuelwood or biomass energy on short rotations ✓
3. C create permanent wilderness without harvest ✓
4. D ban all cutting ✓

An advantage of agroforestry for smallholders is

1. A guaranteed monoculture failure ✓
2. B diversified products and risk spreading ✓
3. C zero market options ✓
4. D mandatory clear-felling of food crops ✓

A disadvantage to manage in tree-crop systems is

1. A automatic yield doubling always ✓
2. B zero management need ✓
3. C trees never compete ✓
4. D shade and root competition reducing crop yield if poorly designed ✓

Extension services in social forestry provide

1. A only timber confiscation ✓
2. B only court prosecutions ✓
3. C technical advice, seedlings and mobilization support ✓
4. D only road tolls ✓

Village land-use planning for tree planting should consider

1. A only exotic catalogues from abroad ✓
2. B ignoring tenure ✓
3. C tenure, water, grazing pressure and local priorities ✓
4. D planting on disputed land without consent ✓

Wasaland / wasteland planting programs target

1. A prime wheat fields only ✓
2. B permanent glaciers ✓
3. C deep ocean floors ✓
4. D degraded unused lands for tree cover and rehabilitation ✓

Urban and peri-urban forestry as social greening provides

1. A only remote wilderness management ✓
2. B only offshore mangroves ✓
3. C amenity, shade and some products near cities ✓
4. D only alpine fir inventories ✓

Carbon benefits of farm trees include

1. A emitting only CFCs ✓
2. B preventing all photosynthesis ✓
3. C removing oxygen permanently ✓
4. D sequestering carbon in biomass and soils ✓

Riparian buffers with trees help farms by

1. A stabilizing banks and filtering runoff ✓
2. B maximizing bank erosion ✓
3. C dumping sediment into canals ✓
4. D removing all shade from water ✓

Choice of species for social forestry should prioritize

1. A rarest alpine endemics on saline flats always ✓
2. B species farmers reject ✓
3. C trees that cannot be protected ✓
4. D local needs, site suitability and easy management ✓

Leucaena in agroforestry is known for

1. A being a Himalayan fir ✓
2. B forming Indus mangroves ✓
3. C producing chilghoza nuts ✓
4. D fast growth and nitrogen-fixing fodder potential ✓

Acacia nilotica on farms and field edges provides

1. A only alpine softwood ✓
2. B fuel, fodder, shade and some timber ✓
3. C only mangrove poles ✓
4. D only paper mulberry floss ✓

Training communities in nursery techniques supports

1. A dependence on distant imports only ✓
2. B zero planting material ✓
3. C abandoning all trees ✓
4. D local seedling supply for planting campaigns ✓

Benefit-sharing mechanisms are needed so that

1. A those who protect trees receive fair rewards ✓
2. B protectors get nothing ✓
3. C elite capture is guaranteed ✓
4. D theft is incentivized ✓

Conflict over trees on common lands often arises from

1. A unclear rights to products and grazing ✓
2. B perfect tenure clarity always ✓
3. C absence of any users ✓
4. D unlimited private titles for all ✓

Agroforestry policy in Pakistan aligns with goals to

1. A eliminate all farm trees ✓
2. B ban poplars nationwide ✓
3. C increase tree cover outside natural forests and meet wood demand ✓
4. D convert all farms to reserved forests overnight ✓

Monitoring survival in social forestry plantations checks

1. A only the number of inauguration ceremonies ✓
2. B whether planted trees establish under community care ✓
3. C only banner length ✓
4. D only speech duration ✓

Intercropping with young trees uses

1. A deep shade under mature dense fir only ✓
2. B the open early years before canopy closes ✓
3. C permanent darkness ✓
4. D only post-harvest clear land without plan ✓

Hedgerow planting on contours helps to

1. A increase gully formation ✓
2. B remove all barriers to runoff ✓
3. C reduce erosion on sloping farmland ✓
4. D maximize soil loss ✓

The difference between social forestry and traditional reserved-forest focus is mainly

1. A identical exclusionary policing only ✓
2. B zero tree planting ✓
3. C only alpine inventories ✓
4. D emphasis on people's needs and participation outside or with communities ✓

Market linkages for farm-grown poplars/shisham improve

1. A reasons to never plant ✓
2. B farmer incentives to plant and tend trees ✓
3. C guaranteed losses ✓
4. D only illegal trade ✓

Shade-tolerant crops are preferred under trees when

1. A light is unlimited under dense canopy ✓
2. B trees have no shade ✓
3. C crops need zero light ✓
4. D canopy reduces light for shade-intolerant staples ✓

Live fences use

1. A only concrete walls ✓
2. B only electric grids without plants ✓
3. C woody plants as biological boundaries instead of only wire ✓
4. D only painted lines ✓

Success stories in Pakistan farm forestry often feature

1. A poplar and other fast growers on irrigated farms ✓
2. B only Ziarat juniper monocultures on every acre ✓
3. C only Avicennia in wheat ✓
4. D only Abies in cotton ✓

Risk of invasive trees in social forestry requires

1. A careful species screening before mass promotion ✓
2. B promoting any invasive freely ✓
3. C ignoring ecology ✓
4. D banning all exotics including useful ones without analysis ✓

The core measure of social forestry impact is

1. A number of speeches ✓
2. B weight of banners ✓
3. C length of reports without field checks ✓
4. D sustained local benefits and tree survival, not seedlings distributed alone ✓