Remote Sensing, GIS and Forest Inventory MCQs 2026

Area of interest (AOI) in a GIS project is

1. A the chemical AOI of preservatives ✓
2. B the age of inventory officers ✓
3. C the brand of calipers ✓
4. D the geographic extent under analysis ✓

Coordinate reference systems matter because

1. A trees grow only in one projection ✓
2. B NDVI cannot be calculated otherwise ever ✓
3. C DBH depends on WGS84 only ✓
4. D spatial data must align in a common projection/datum ✓

Crown density/canopy closure ocular estimates are

1. A satellite orbital mechanics formulas ✓
2. B field methods sometimes used in reconnaissance inventory ✓
3. C kiln drying schedules ✓
4. D CITES permit codes ✓

Spatial resolution of an image refers to

1. A the number of forest guards ✓
2. B the ground size represented by one pixel ✓
3. C the age of the satellite only ✓
4. D the timber royalty rate ✓

Remote sensing in forestry means

1. A only measuring DBH with calipers ✓
2. B acquiring information about forests from sensors without direct contact ✓
3. C only counting nursery bags by hand ✓
4. D only reading the Forest Act ✓

GIS stands for

1. A Global Insect Survey ✓
2. B General Inventory of Sapwood ✓
3. C Geographic Information System ✓
4. D Green Irrigation Schedule ✓

NDVI is commonly used as

1. A an index of green vegetation vigor from red and near-infrared reflectance ✓
2. B a timber grading stamp ✓
3. C a resin tapping tool ✓
4. D a fire extinguisher type ✓

A high NDVI generally indicates

1. A bare rock or water ✓
2. B dense green vegetation ✓
3. C clouds only ✓
4. D asphalt roads ✓

Radar remote sensing can be advantageous because it

1. A measures only bark color in sunlight ✓
2. B works only indoors ✓
3. C replaces the need for any GIS ✓
4. D can penetrate clouds and sense structure/moisture-related signals ✓

Forest inventory aims to

1. A only list tourist hotels ✓
2. B estimate area, growing stock, structure and related attributes ✓
3. C only measure river salinity ✓
4. D only count ballot papers ✓

Sampling intensity in inventory is a trade-off between

1. A cost/effort and precision of estimates ✓
2. B ignoring all statistics ✓
3. C measuring zero plots ✓
4. D using only one pixel forever ✓

Basal area of a stand is

1. A the leaf area of one seedling ✓
2. B the park visitor density ✓
3. C the cross-sectional area of stems per unit ground area ✓
4. D the resin yield per blaze ✓

Volume tables are used to

1. A predict only rainfall ✓
2. B grade only plywood glue ✓
3. C set only hunting quotas ✓
4. D estimate tree or stand volume from measurable dimensions ✓

Growing stock per hectare is a key output of

1. A only eco-tourism ticketing ✓
2. B forest inventory analysis ✓
3. C only resin drum counting ✓
4. D only park picnic planning ✓

Stratified sampling improves inventory by

1. A dividing the forest into more homogeneous strata before sampling ✓
2. B measuring only one tree nationwide ✓
3. C ignoring forest type differences ✓
4. D sampling only roadsides always ✓

GPS is used in forestry to

1. A season timber in kilns ✓
2. B tap resin chemically ✓
3. C grade furniture color ✓
4. D record locations of plots, boundaries and features ✓

A shapefile or geodatabase layer in GIS can store

1. A only kiln schedules ✓
2. B only chemical formulas of preservatives ✓
3. C forest boundaries, roads, plots and other spatial features ✓
4. D only oral folklore without coordinates ✓

Raster data in remote sensing is organized as

1. A only point GPS posts ✓
2. B a grid of pixels with values such as reflectance ✓
3. C only handwritten ledgers ✓
4. D only timber auction lists ✓

Drone (UAV) imagery is useful for

1. A replacing all national satellites overnight always ✓
2. B measuring deep ocean trenches ✓
3. C issuing forest offence FIRs alone ✓
4. D high-resolution mapping of plantations, gaps and damage ✓

Change detection in forest monitoring compares

1. A only one static photograph forever ✓
2. B only nursery price lists ✓
3. C images or maps from different dates to find loss/gain ✓
4. D only wildlife trophy scores ✓

Canopy cover estimation from remote sensing helps to

1. A map forest density and degradation patterns ✓
2. B replace all field plots forever without checks ✓
3. C measure only soil pH ✓
4. D count only termites ✓

LiDAR in forestry is valued for

1. A seasoning lumber ✓
2. B measuring canopy height and structure with laser pulses ✓
3. C tapping chilghoza ✓
4. D printing working plans only ✓

Allometric equations relate

1. A easy tree measurements to biomass or volume ✓
2. B only political boundaries to rainfall ✓
3. C only NDVI to ocean depth ✓
4. D only firebreaks to hotel stars ✓

A working plan inventory typically estimates

1. A growing stock by species/groups and diameter classes ✓
2. B only the number of smartphones in a village ✓
3. C only marine fish catch ✓
4. D only cement production ✓

Accuracy assessment of a classified forest map uses

1. A only the map author's opinion ✓
2. B only the print color brightness ✓
3. C reference data to estimate classification errors ✓
4. D only the file size on disk ✓

Ground truthing means

1. A collecting field reference data to calibrate or validate remote sensing ✓
2. B accepting satellite maps without checks ✓
3. C ignoring all GPS ✓
4. D burning sample plots ✓

A reliable national forest monitoring approach combines

1. A rumors without maps ✓
2. B only one undated photograph ✓
3. C remote sensing, field inventory and institutional reporting ✓
4. D abolishing all plots ✓

Illegal logging detection can be supported by

1. A hiding all imagery ✓
2. B banning GPS in the field ✓
3. C frequent satellite monitoring of canopy disturbance ✓
4. D measuring only nursery humidity ✓

Temporal resolution refers to

1. A only tree ring width ✓
2. B how often a sensor revisits the same area ✓
3. C only bark thickness ✓
4. D only resin viscosity ✓

Cloud cover is a limitation of

1. A DBH tapes ✓
2. B optical satellite remote sensing of forests ✓
3. C increment borers ✓
4. D soil pH kits ✓

Integration of GIS with forest MIS helps

1. A delete all spatial data ✓
2. B ban inventories ✓
3. C link attribute records to mapped compartments and beats ✓
4. D replace trees with spreadsheets only ✓

Forest type mapping combines

1. A only random colors without legend ✓
2. B only timber prices ✓
3. C remote sensing, ecological knowledge and field checks ✓
4. D only social media likes ✓

Open-source tools such as QGIS are used to

1. A tap chir pine automatically ✓
2. B operate fire helicopters ✓
3. C replace field DBH measurement entirely ✓
4. D perform many forest GIS tasks cost-effectively ✓

Forest carbon inventory builds on

1. A biomass estimation from inventory and allometry, often with RS support ✓
2. B only hotel bed counts ✓
3. C only trophy horn lengths ✓
4. D only kiln sticker spacing ✓

Buffer analysis in GIS can help

1. A season timber ✓
2. B grade plywood ✓
3. C map zones around roads, rivers or protected area edges ✓
4. D extinguish crown fire alone ✓

Permanent sample plots (PSPs) are used to

1. A measure only one-time tourist counts ✓
2. B replace all remote sensing forever ✓
3. C tap resin exclusively ✓
4. D monitor growth, mortality and ingrowth over time ✓

Error of omission in map accuracy means

1. A a real forest area missed by the classification ✓
2. B extra forest mapped where none exists only ✓
3. C perfect classification ✓
4. D only GPS battery failure ✓

Compartment is a classical management unit that GIS can

1. A map and attribute for planning and control ✓
2. B dissolve into one pixel without meaning ✓
3. C replace with random points only ✓
4. D ignore in all working plans ✓