Wood Science, Timber Technology and Forest Industries MCQs 2026

Wood science studies

1. A the structure, properties and utilization of wood ✓
2. B only wildlife census methods ✓
3. C only GIS satellite orbits ✓
4. D only forest law drafting ✓

Hardwood timber generally comes from

1. A conifers only ✓
2. B mosses ✓
3. C broad-leaved angiosperm trees ✓
4. D bamboo fungi only ✓

Sapwood is

1. A the outer wood that conducts water in living trees ✓
2. B the mineral soil under the stand ✓
3. C the charcoal after incomplete burning ✓
4. D the plywood glue line only ✓

Annual rings are used to

1. A estimate age and study growth history of trees ✓
2. B measure only bark pH ✓
3. C count only insect eggs ✓
4. D determine only soil salinity ✓

Wood density influences

1. A only leaf color in autumn ✓
2. B strength, machining and use suitability ✓
3. C only bird migration dates ✓
4. D only nursery polybag size ✓

Moisture content of wood is important because it affects

1. A only the GPS coordinates of the stump ✓
2. B only political boundaries ✓
3. C only satellite NDVI of oceans ✓
4. D shrinkage, strength and susceptibility to fungi/insects ✓

Seasoning of timber means

1. A increasing moisture to saturation always ✓
2. B coating wood with soil ✓
3. C reducing moisture content to suitable levels before use ✓
4. D freezing logs solid forever ✓

Air seasoning relies on

1. A natural air circulation to dry stacked timber ✓
2. B only kiln heat without any stacking rules ✓
3. C submerging logs in the sea ✓
4. D burying timber in wet clay ✓

Kiln seasoning is valued because it

1. A always warps every board intentionally ✓
2. B requires no stacking stickers ✓
3. C works only underwater ✓
4. D dries timber faster under controlled temperature and humidity ✓

Warping of timber during drying is often due to

1. A perfectly uniform MC always ✓
2. B zero anisotropy of wood ✓
3. C metal contamination only ✓
4. D uneven moisture loss and growth stresses ✓

Plywood is manufactured by

1. A solid sawing a single flitch only ✓
2. B compressing sawdust without resin always ✓
3. C weaving bamboo only ✓
4. D gluing veneers with adjacent grains usually at right angles ✓

Veneer is

1. A a thick sleeper only ✓
2. B solid heartwood beam only ✓
3. C a thin sheet of wood sliced or peeled from a log ✓
4. D bark mulch only ✓

Particleboard is made from

1. A solid clear quarter-sawn oak only ✓
2. B woven textile fibers only ✓
3. C pure metal filings ✓
4. D wood particles bonded with adhesive under heat and pressure ✓

Fiberboard (e.g., MDF) uses

1. A refined wood fibers bonded into panels ✓
2. B uncut round logs as panels ✓
3. C only stone aggregates ✓
4. D only glass sheets ✓

A major advantage of reconstituted panels is

1. A always higher outdoor durability than teak without treatment ✓
2. B identical properties to clear solid lumber always ✓
3. C no need for any adhesive ✓
4. D efficient use of small wood and residues ✓

Shisham (Dalbergia sissoo) wood is valued in Pakistan for

1. A only pulp for newsprint exclusively ✓
2. B furniture and high-quality joinery ✓
3. C only firewood with no other use ✓
4. D only mangrove piling ✓

Deodar wood is traditionally prized for

1. A durability and use in construction and sleepers historically ✓
2. B only paper pulp with no strength ✓
3. C only charcoal fines ✓
4. D only matchsticks exclusively ✓

Chir pine timber is commonly used for

1. A only luxury musical instruments exclusively ✓
2. B only marine antifouling paint ✓
3. C general construction, packing and lower-grade uses ✓
4. D only gold inlay work ✓

Wood preservation aims to

1. A increase moisture to 100% always ✓
2. B remove all extractives that aid durability ✓
3. C protect timber from fungi, insects and other biodeterioration ✓
4. D paint only the leaves ✓

Pressure treatment of timber forces

1. A preservative into wood under pressure in a cylinder ✓
2. B air only into the kiln stacks ✓
3. C water out by sunlight alone always ✓
4. D glue into plywood without heat ✓

Natural durability of wood varies with

1. A only the brand of chainsaw ✓
2. B species, heartwood extractives and exposure conditions ✓
3. C only the province name ✓
4. D only the paint color of the mill ✓

Sap stain fungi mainly

1. A increase bending strength usefully ✓
2. B turn heartwood into gold ✓
3. C discolor sapwood without always destroying strength fully ✓
4. D fix nitrogen for the tree ✓

Timber grading sorts lumber by

1. A random color of the truck ✓
2. B only the logger's age ✓
3. C quality, strength and appearance characteristics ✓
4. D GPS altitude only ✓

Specific gravity of wood is closely related to

1. A density and many mechanical properties ✓
2. B only leaf nitrogen ✓
3. C only bark pH ✓
4. D only cone serotiny ✓

Anisotropy of wood means

1. A wood is identical in all directions ✓
2. B wood is a pure metal ✓
3. C wood has no grain ✓
4. D properties differ along radial, tangential and longitudinal directions ✓

Pulp and paper industry uses wood mainly as

1. A a substitute for steel beams only ✓
2. B a source of cellulose fibers ✓
3. C only decorative veneer faces ✓
4. D only railway ballast ✓

Matchwood and light packaging often prefer

1. A the densest ironwoods only ✓
2. B green heartwood at 100% MC only ✓
3. C stone oak exclusively ✓
4. D soft, easy-to-process woods ✓

Furniture industry in Pakistan heavily uses

1. A only mangrove pneumatophores ✓
2. B only alpine scrub twigs ✓
3. C shisham and other quality hardwoods plus panels ✓
4. D only fresh leaves ✓

Sawmilling converts

1. A chips directly into MDF only ✓
2. B logs into boards, planks and other sawn timber ✓
3. C bark into plywood faces only ✓
4. D leaves into sleepers ✓

Recovery percentage in sawmilling refers to

1. A the rainfall of the watershed ✓
2. B the number of forest fires ✓
3. C the proportion of log volume obtained as useful lumber ✓
4. D the park visitor count ✓

Wood seasoning defects include

1. A increased clear length always ✓
2. B perfect dimensional stability always ✓
3. C automatic preservative fixation ✓
4. D checks, splits, warp and case hardening ✓

Finger-jointing is used to

1. A split boards into veneer ✓
2. B join short clear pieces into longer usable lengths ✓
3. C increase moisture content ✓
4. D remove all glue from joints ✓

Laminated timber products gain strength by

1. A bonding layers with grains appropriately oriented ✓
2. B leaving voids between all laminations ✓
3. C using only green unseasoned mismatched stock always ✓
4. D avoiding any adhesive ✓

Calorific value matters for

1. A only plywood face matching ✓
2. B fuelwood and biomass energy use ✓
3. C only veneer slicing angle ✓
4. D only kiln sticker width ✓

Charcoal is produced by

1. A boiling wood in salt water only ✓
2. B carbonizing wood under limited oxygen ✓
3. C freezing logs in glaciers ✓
4. D air-drying without heat ✓

Wood-based panels reduce pressure on

1. A the need for any forests ever ✓
2. B large clear solid timber resources by using small wood ✓
3. C all adhesive chemistry ✓
4. D all quality control ✓

Termite attack on buildings is reduced by

1. A using durable/treated wood and good design details ✓
2. B keeping untreated sapwood in soil contact ✓
3. C storing firewood against untreated frames always ✓
4. D blocking all ventilation forever ✓

The cambium is important in wood formation because it

1. A only stores heartwood extractives ✓
2. B only conducts water in heartwood ✓
3. C only forms the outer cork without wood ✓
4. D produces new xylem (wood) and phloem ✓

Reaction wood (e.g., compression/tension wood) can

1. A always improve furniture grade ✓
2. B eliminate all shrinkage ✓
3. C cause machining and distortion problems ✓
4. D make seasoning unnecessary ✓

Timber identification uses

1. A macro and microscopic anatomical features ✓
2. B only the smell of petrol ✓
3. C only the price in the market ✓
4. D only the logger's memory ✓

A forest industry cluster typically includes

1. A only wildlife safari lodges ✓
2. B sawmills, panel plants, furniture and related units ✓
3. C only GIS labs without wood ✓
4. D only nursery polybags ✓

Value addition in wood sector means

1. A exporting only raw logs always ✓
2. B burning all residues without use ✓
3. C converting raw timber into higher-value products like furniture ✓
4. D leaving logs to decay in forest ✓

Moisture meters help industry by

1. A measuring only streamflow ✓
2. B counting only park visitors ✓
3. C mapping only NDVI ✓
4. D estimating wood MC for processing and sale ✓

Green wood is

1. A wood painted green for camouflage only ✓
2. B freshly cut wood with high moisture content ✓
3. C only heartwood of deodar ✓
4. D kiln-dried to 8% MC always ✓

Equilibrium moisture content depends mainly on

1. A only the tree species' Latin name ✓
2. B only the mill's brand of saw ✓
3. C ambient relative humidity and temperature ✓
4. D only GPS longitude ✓

Plywood glue bond quality depends on

1. A adhesive type, MC, pressure and curing ✓
2. B only the color of the press ✓
3. C only the operator's age ✓
4. D only wind speed outside ✓

Pakistan's wood industries face a challenge of

1. A permanent surplus of all species forever ✓
2. B raw material shortage relative to demand ✓
3. C zero import of any wood products ✓
4. D no furniture market ✓

Utilizing sawmill residues for panels or energy

1. A always increases illegal logging ✓
2. B improves overall resource efficiency ✓
3. C has no economic value ✓
4. D is forbidden in all mills ✓

Softwood timber is mainly obtained from

1. A mangrove shrubs only ✓
2. B palm stems only ✓
3. C ferns ✓
4. D coniferous trees ✓

Heartwood differs from sapwood in that heartwood is

1. A usually darker, less permeable and no longer conducts sap ✓
2. B always the outer living bark ✓
3. C the leaves of the crown ✓
4. D the root hair zone ✓