Official Statistics in Pakistan MCQs 2026

Statistics Division in Pakistan is administratively under

1. A Ministry of Planning, Development and Special Initiatives (formerly Planning Commission) ✓
2. B Ministry of Finance exclusively ✓
3. C Ministry of Foreign Affairs ✓
4. D Ministry of Defence ✓

Provincial Bureaus of Statistics (BOS) primarily produce

1. A only federal monetary aggregates ✓
2. B only military personnel counts ✓
3. C only diplomatic visa statistics ✓
4. D regional official statistics aligned with national standards ✓

NADRA (National Database and Registration Authority) supports official statistics by maintaining

1. A GDP and national accounts exclusively ✓
2. B CNIC-based identity and registration records for citizens ✓
3. C agricultural crop forecasts only ✓
4. D wholesale price indices only ✓

The 2017 Population and Housing Census in Pakistan was the

1. A 6th census since independence (7th overall including 1951) ✓
2. B first census ever conducted ✓
3. C third census only ✓
4. D census conducted every year since 1947 ✓

Pakistan's first post-independence population census was held in

1. A 1951 ✓
2. B 1947 immediately at independence ✓
3. C 1965 only ✓
4. D 1998 only ✓

Gross Domestic Product (GDP) at market prices measures

1. A only exports minus imports ✓
2. B value of final goods and services produced within domestic territory in a period ✓
3. C only government expenditure ✓
4. D income of citizens abroad only ✓

Gross National Product (GNP) or Gross National Income (GNI) equals GDP plus

1. A total imports only ✓
2. B government debt only ✓
3. C depreciation of capital only ✓
4. D net factor income from abroad (income received minus paid to rest of world) ✓

National income in basic accounts refers broadly to

1. A only corporate profits before tax ✓
2. B only remittances without GDP ✓
3. C only foreign aid grants ✓
4. D income earned by factors of production in producing national output ✓

Net National Product (NNP) is obtained from GNP by subtracting

1. A indirect taxes only ✓
2. B subsidies only ✓
3. C depreciation (consumption of fixed capital) ✓
4. D total imports ✓

Three approaches to measuring GDP are

1. A only export approach ✓
2. B only tax approach ✓
3. C only census approach ✓
4. D production (value added), expenditure and income approaches ✓

Expenditure approach to GDP sums

1. A only government spending G ✓
2. B only consumption C ✓
3. C C + I + G + (X − M) ✓
4. D only wages and salaries ✓

Gross domestic saving in national accounts is broadly

1. A exports minus imports only ✓
2. B tax revenue only ✓
3. C GDP minus final consumption expenditure (household, government and NPISH) ✓
4. D foreign aid inflows only ✓

National saving rate is often expressed as

1. A CBR per 1000 population ✓
2. B TFR per woman ✓
3. C sex ratio per 100 females ✓
4. D gross national saving as a percentage of GNI (or GDP) ✓

Per capita GDP is calculated as

1. A GDP divided by labour force only ✓
2. B GDP divided by mid-year population ✓
3. C GNP divided by urban population only ✓
4. D national income divided by households only ✓

PBS publishes national accounts estimates using

1. A only Islamic calendar without SNA ✓
2. B only provincial budgets without consolidation ✓
3. C System of National Accounts (SNA) framework consistent with UN standards ✓
4. D only survey means without accounts identity ✓

Constant price (real) GDP eliminates effect of

1. A price changes by valuing output at base-year prices ✓
2. B population growth only ✓
3. C depreciation only ✓
4. D foreign exchange rates only ✓

GDP deflator is defined as

1. A (Nominal GDP / Real GDP) × 100 ✓
2. B CPI divided by WPI ✓
3. C exports divided by imports ✓
4. D CBR divided by CDR ✓

Consumer Price Index (CPI) in Pakistan is compiled mainly by PBS to measure

1. A wholesale transactions only ✓
2. B average price change of consumer basket for urban/rural households ✓
3. C stock market prices only ✓
4. D agricultural land prices only ✓

Wholesale Price Index (SPI/WPI) focuses on

1. A retail consumer baskets only ✓
2. B prices at wholesale or primary market stage ✓
3. C international shipping rates only ✓
4. D wage rates in services only ✓

Sensitive Price Indicator (SPI) in Pakistan tracks

1. A decadal census counts only ✓
2. B life expectancy by province ✓
3. C TFR by district only ✓
4. D prices of essential items weekly for early inflation monitoring ✓

Labour Force Survey (LFS) conducted by PBS provides data on

1. A vital birth and death registration only ✓
2. B crop area and yield only ✓
3. C employment, unemployment and labour force participation ✓
4. D diplomatic staff counts only ✓

Pakistan Social and Living Standards Measurement (PSLM) survey collects

1. A household welfare, education, health and living conditions ✓
2. B only customs tariff rates ✓
3. C only defence expenditure ✓
4. D only stock exchange turnover ✓

Agricultural census in Pakistan is organized by PBS to enumerate

1. A structure and characteristics of agricultural holdings ✓
2. B only urban housing units ✓
3. C only industrial factories ✓
4. D only bank branches ✓

Economic census enumerates

1. A only households without any activity ✓
2. B only government ministries ✓
3. C only foreign embassies ✓
4. D establishments engaged in economic activities across sectors ✓

Housing census collects data on

1. A only birth certificates ✓
2. B housing units, amenities, tenure and household living conditions ✓
3. C only corporate balance sheets ✓
4. D only monetary aggregates ✓

PBS compiles External Trade Statistics using data from

1. A NADRA CNIC issuance only ✓
2. B provincial birth registers only ✓
3. C Pakistan Customs and relevant trade returns ✓
4. D university enrolment only ✓

Balance of payments statistics in Pakistan are compiled by

1. A PBS alone without SBP ✓
2. B State Bank of Pakistan (with PBS trade and other inputs) ✓
3. C NADRA only ✓
4. D Provincial BOS only without federal role ✓

Provincial GDP estimates are produced by

1. A each district independently without standards ✓
2. B foreign embassies only ✓
3. C NADRA without PBS ✓
4. D provincial BOS in coordination with PBS using consistent methodology ✓

Inter-censal population estimates between 1998 and 2017 relied on

1. A ignoring births and deaths ✓
2. B census benchmarks adjusted by vital rates and migration assumptions ✓
3. C using only NADRA CNIC count as sole source ✓
4. D annual full census each year ✓

Official poverty estimates for Pakistan have used PSLM/HIES data with

1. A only stock market indices ✓
2. B only CBR thresholds ✓
3. C cost of basic needs or calorie-based poverty lines ✓
4. D only sex ratio cut-offs ✓

Gross Fixed Capital Formation (GFCF) in national accounts represents

1. A household food consumption only ✓
2. B net exports only ✓
3. C wage bill of government only ✓
4. D investment in fixed assets (machinery, structures, infrastructure) ✓

Indirect taxes in GDP measurement are

1. A included in market-price GDP (e.g., sales tax, excise) ✓
2. B excluded from all GDP concepts always ✓
3. C substituted for depreciation ✓
4. D counted only as transfer payments ✓

Transfer payments such as pensions and subsidies are

1. A added to GDP as production ✓
2. B not counted as factor income in GDP (redistributive) ✓
3. C equal to gross investment ✓
4. D measured by CPI directly ✓

Compensation of employees in income approach includes

1. A only corporate retained earnings ✓
2. B only land rent to foreigners ✓
3. C wages, salaries and employers' social contributions ✓
4. D only export proceeds ✓

Operating surplus (mixed income) in accounts represents

1. A government transfer payments only ✓
2. B foreign remittances only ✓
3. C depreciation allowances only ✓
4. D returns to capital and self-employed enterprise ✓

PBS releases Quarterly National Accounts to provide

1. A decadal census only ✓
2. B daily stock prices only ✓
3. C timely estimates of GDP growth by expenditure and sector ✓
4. D annual passport issuance only ✓

Coordination between PBS, provincial BOS and line ministries aims to ensure

1. A each agency using incompatible GDP concepts ✓
2. B suppression of all provincial data ✓
3. C harmonized definitions, classifications and release calendars for official data ✓
4. D replacement of census by tax records only ✓

For CSS Official Statistics, understanding NADRA's role includes recognizing it as

1. A identity and registration infrastructure supporting census and social programmes ✓
2. B the sole compiler of GDP and CPI ✓
3. C registrar of all births without provincial role ✓
4. D publisher of monetary policy reports ✓

Pakistan Bureau of Statistics (PBS) is the principal agency for

1. A official statistics including census, national accounts and price indices ✓
2. B monetary policy and interest rates only ✓
3. C tax collection and customs duties only ✓
4. D foreign diplomatic services only ✓

PBS was formed by merging

1. A State Bank and SECP ✓
2. B Federal Bureau of Statistics, Population Census Organization and Agricultural Census Organization ✓
3. C FBR and Customs only ✓
4. D NADRA and Passport Office ✓