Pakistan Penal Code: General Principles and Defences MCQs 2026

The Pakistan Penal Code was originally enacted in

1. A 1860 and applies to Pakistan as adopted law ✓
2. B 1947 only without prior code ✓
3. C 1973 as replacement of all prior penal law ✓
4. D 2000 as first penal statute ✓

Mens rea refers to

1. A the physical act only ✓
2. B the victim's consent always ✓
3. C the police investigation ✓
4. D the guilty mind or criminal intent ✓

Actus reus refers to

1. A only intention without act ✓
2. B only motive ✓
3. C only character of accused ✓
4. D the guilty act or unlawful conduct ✓

Most serious PPC offences require

1. A only motive ✓
2. B only civil liability ✓
3. C both mens rea and actus reus unless strict liability applies ✓
4. D no conduct element ✓

Section 76 PPC provides that an act done by a person bound by law

1. A is always murder ✓
2. B is not an offence ✓
3. C is always theft ✓
4. D is always abetment ✓

Section 77 PPC states that

1. A every judge is liable for all decisions ✓
2. B a judge acting judicially in good faith is not liable for an offence ✓
3. C only police have immunity ✓
4. D only minors are protected ✓

Section 78 PPC protects

1. A acts in defiance of court orders ✓
2. B private vengeance ✓
3. C abetment of mutiny ✓
4. D acts done in pursuance of a judgment or order of Court ✓

Section 79 PPC covers

1. A acts known to be illegal ✓
2. B acts done by a person justified by law or who believes in good faith to be justified ✓
3. C acts of terrorism ✓
4. D conspiracy to wage war ✓

Section 80 PPC provides that

1. A accident or misfortune in doing a lawful act in a lawful manner by lawful means without criminal intent is not an offence ✓
2. B all road accidents are always excused ✓
3. C intentional killing is excused ✓
4. D every negligent act is excused ✓

Section 81 PPC embodies the defence of

1. A necessity — act likely to cause harm done without criminal intent to prevent greater harm ✓
2. B private defence only ✓
3. C insanity only ✓
4. D mistake of law always ✓

Section 82 PPC provides that

1. A a child under twelve is always immune ✓
2. B a child of any age is immune ✓
3. C only children under five ✓
4. D nothing is an offence done by a child under seven years of age ✓

Section 83 PPC deals with

1. A acts of a child above seven and under twelve of immature understanding ✓
2. B adults of unsound mind ✓
3. C corporate liability ✓
4. D abetment only ✓

Section 84 PPC provides that

1. A intoxication self-induced always excuses ✓
2. B every eccentric person is immune ✓
3. C act of a person of unsound mind is not an offence if incapable of knowing nature of act or that it is wrong ✓
4. D anger excuses murder ✓

The M'Naghten rule is associated with

1. A strict liability ✓
2. B the test for insanity under Section 84 PPC ✓
3. C abetment ✓
4. D criminal conspiracy only ✓

Section 85 PPC concerns

1. A act of a person incapable of judgment by reason of intoxication administered without knowledge or against will ✓
2. B voluntary drunkenness always excuses ✓
3. C every drinker is immune ✓
4. D corporate fines ✓

Section 86 PPC relates to

1. A accident ✓
2. B necessity ✓
3. C offences requiring particular intent or knowledge when actor is intoxicated ✓
4. D lawful marriage ✓

Section 87 PPC provides that

1. A murder with consent is always allowed ✓
2. B act not intended and not known to be likely to cause death or grievous hurt, done by consent in good faith for benefit, is not offence ✓
3. C hurt with consent is always murder ✓
4. D waging war is excused ✓

Section 96 PPC states that

1. A all harm is always criminal ✓
2. B nothing is an offence merely because it causes harm if done in private defence ✓
3. C private defence never applies to property ✓
4. D necessity is abolished ✓

Section 97 PPC defines the right of private defence of

1. A only State property ✓
2. B only government officials ✓
3. C only foreigners ✓
4. D body and of property ✓

Section 98 PPC allows private defence against acts of

1. A only armed police ✓
2. B only judges ✓
3. C persons of unsound mind, intoxication, misconception or childhood when circumstances give same right as against competent person ✓
4. D only diplomats always ✓

Section 99 PPC limits private defence against

1. A acts of public servants acting in good faith under colour of office unless reasonable grounds of illegality exist ✓
2. B all public servants always ✓
3. C every trespasser on open land in all cases ✓
4. D every thief fleeing without threat ✓

Section 100 PPC extends right of private defence of body to

1. A any minor slap ✓
2. B voluntarily causing death in specified grave threats such as assault endangering life ✓
3. C theft of movable property only ✓
4. D verbal abuse only ✓

Section 101 PPC provides that when an offence provoking private defence is

1. A always may cause death ✓
2. B must flee without any defence ✓
3. C must call police first in all cases ✓
4. D not of a grave nature, the defender shall not cause death ✓

Section 102 PPC defines commencement and continuance of

1. A right of necessity ✓
2. B abetment ✓
3. C right of private defence of body ✓
4. D criminal conspiracy ✓

Section 103 PPC extends private defence of property to

1. A shoplifting in all cases ✓
2. B voluntarily causing death in defined circumstances such as robbery, house-breaking by night, arson ✓
3. C verbal dispute over rent ✓
4. D civil contract breach ✓

Section 104 PPC limits defence of property when threat is

1. A not of a grave nature as described ✓
2. B always allows killing ✓
3. C never allows any force ✓
4. D abolishes trespass law ✓

Section 105 PPC defines commencement and continuance of

1. A right of private defence of property ✓
2. B insanity ✓
3. C mistake of fact ✓
4. D unlawful assembly only ✓

Section 106 PPC provides that

1. A defence always ends when weapon drops ✓
2. B no continuation ever ✓
3. C right of private defence against deadly assault when reasonably causing apprehension of death continues even if assailant ceases to be of danger due to youth, etc. ✓
4. D only police may continue ✓

Mistake of fact may excuse liability when

1. A the person knows the true facts ✓
2. B mistake of law always excuses ✓
3. C the person honestly and reasonably believes facts that if true would make the act lawful ✓
4. D intent is clearly criminal ✓

Mistake of law is generally

1. A always a complete defence ✓
2. B no excuse except as specifically provided in the PPC ✓
3. C excuses all tax evasion ✓
4. D excuses every traffic violation ✓

Section 107 PPC defines abetment as

1. A only physical commission ✓
2. B instigating, engaging in conspiracy, or intentionally aiding commission of an offence ✓
3. C only attempt without instigation ✓
4. D only civil breach ✓

Section 108 PPC concerns

1. A abetment in Pakistan of offences outside Pakistan in certain cases ✓
2. B only domestic offences ✓
3. C only torts ✓
4. D only tax cases ✓

Section 120A PPC defines criminal conspiracy as

1. A agreement between two or more persons to do an illegal act or legal act by illegal means ✓
2. B single person plan ✓
3. C accidental meeting ✓
4. D lawful union without agreement ✓

Section 120B PPC prescribes

1. A no punishment ✓
2. B only civil damages ✓
3. C punishment for criminal conspiracy ✓
4. D only fine for all conspiracies ✓

Criminal attempt is generally dealt with under

1. A only Section 76 ✓
2. B only Section 96 ✓
3. C only CrPC section 154 ✓
4. D sections 511 and related provisions of the PPC ✓

Section 511 PPC applies when

1. A a person attempts to commit an offence punishable with imprisonment and the attempt fails ✓
2. B the offence is completed ✓
3. C only bailable offences ✓
4. D only civil wrongs ✓

An attempt requires

1. A more than mere preparation and an act towards commission of the offence ✓
2. B only intention in mind ✓
3. C only buying tools with no further act ✓
4. D only discussing crime without agreement ✓

General exceptions in Chapter IV of PPC are

1. A aggravating factors ✓
2. B defences that exclude criminal liability in defined circumstances ✓
3. C procedural rules only ✓
4. D sentencing guidelines only ✓

Private defence must be

1. A unlimited revenge ✓
2. B pursuit for days after threat ends ✓
3. C necessary, proportionate and not excessive ✓
4. D pre-emptive killing without threat ✓

There is no right of private defence against

1. A unlawful assault in street ✓
2. B robbery at night ✓
3. C a lawful act by public servant in good faith unless reasonable grounds to believe otherwise ✓
4. D kidnapping attempt ✓

Insanity defence under s.84 requires incapacity regarding

1. A mere depression always ✓
2. B nature of act or that it is wrong or contrary to law ✓
3. C every personality disorder ✓
4. D political dissent ✓

A child of ten who understands consequences

1. A is always immune under s.82 ✓
2. B may be liable under s.83 if above seven and not of immature understanding ✓
3. C is tried as adult always without inquiry ✓
4. D cannot commit any offence ever ✓

Necessity under s.81 differs from private defence because

1. A they are identical ✓
2. B necessity requires killing always ✓
3. C necessity addresses harm to prevent greater harm without focusing on wrongful aggression ✓
4. D private defence applies only to property ✓

Abetment by intentional aid requires

1. A accidental presence at scene ✓
2. B mere omission always ✓
3. C ignorance of main offence always ✓
4. D doing an act facilitating commission with intention or knowledge ✓

Conspiracy under s.120A requires minimum

1. A one conspirator ✓
2. B five conspirators ✓
3. C ten conspirators ✓
4. D two parties to the agreement ✓

Punishment for conspiracy to commit a capital offence is

1. A provided under s.120B read with nature of contemplated offence ✓
2. B always only fine ✓
3. C never punishable until completed ✓
4. D always life imprisonment without variation ✓

Attempt under s.511 is distinguished from preparation by

1. A buying a matchbox for arson without further act ✓
2. B thinking about crime only ✓
3. C police sting without accused act ✓
4. D proximity to completion — an act towards the offence ✓

Voluntary intoxication generally

1. A always excuses murder ✓
2. B excuses all negligent driving ✓
3. C does not excuse unless covered by s.85-86 ✓
4. D excuses every theft ✓

Section 80 accident defence requires absence of

1. A any harm whatsoever ✓
2. B lawful act ✓
3. C lawful means ✓
4. D criminal intent or knowledge ✓

Joint liability for abetment means

1. A abetment is never punishable ✓
2. B only principal is liable always ✓
3. C only civil liability ✓
4. D abetment is punishable as if the abettor committed the principal offence in many cases ✓