Islamic Criminal Law and Hudood MCQs 2026

The Offence of Zina (Enforcement of Hudood) Ordinance 1979 deals with

1. Aunlawful sexual intercourse and related offences including zina and zina-bil-jabr✓
2. Bbankruptcy of traders only✓
3. Cregistration of companies✓
4. Dcivil divorce procedure only✓

Under Islamic criminal law in Pakistan, hadd punishments are

1. Apurely discretionary sentences of any magistrate✓
2. Bfixed penalties prescribed by the Quran and Sunnah for specific offences✓
3. Ccivil fines without imprisonment✓
4. Ddetermined solely by police without court✓

Tazir punishments in Islamic criminal jurisprudence are

1. Adiscretionary penalties imposed by the court within statutory limits✓
2. Bidentical to hadd in every case✓
3. Calways capital punishment✓
4. Dnever imposed by courts✓

The Qisas and Diyat Ordinance 1990 primarily governs

1. Acorporate mergers✓
2. Bintellectual property licensing✓
3. Cbank cheques only✓
4. D offences involving hurt and qatl (homicide) through qisas, diyat and related rules✓

Qisas in Islamic criminal law means

1. Ablood money paid to heirs always without option✓
2. Bretribution in kind for causing death or specified hurt✓
3. Cunlimited discretionary imprisonment only✓
4. Dcivil apology without sanction✓

Diyat refers to

1. Acompensation (blood money) payable to heirs of the victim in qatl cases✓
2. Bcorporal hadd for theft only✓
3. Cprobation for juveniles only✓
4. Dtax on agricultural produce✓

For imposition of hadd for zina, the classical evidentiary requirement generally includes

1. Afour adult Muslim male eyewitnesses to the act of penetration (subject to statutory conditions)✓
2. Bone police confessional statement alone without more✓
3. Chearsay of unlimited persons✓
4. Dno evidence at all✓

Zina-bil-jabr is classified in the Zina Ordinance as

1. Alawful marital intercourse only✓
2. Bzina by force or without consent (rape)✓
3. Ccivil breach of contract✓
4. Dlawful guardianship transfer✓

If hadd evidence for zina is insufficient, the court may convict the accused of

1. Aautomatic acquittal in every case without exception✓
2. Bcivil contempt only✓
3. Ca hadd sentence regardless of proof✓
4. Dtazir for zina or related offence where evidence supports it✓

The Offence of Qazf (Enforcement of Hadd) Ordinance 1979 punishes

1. Alawful trade disputes✓
2. Bordinary theft of movable property only✓
3. Cbreach of partnership deed only✓
4. Dfalse accusation of zina against a person✓

The Offence of Property (Enforcement of Hudood) Ordinance 1979 covers

1. Amarriage registration fees✓
2. Bincome tax assessment✓
3. Ctheft, hiraba and related property offences with hadd and tazir distinctions✓
4. Delection petition procedure✓

The Pakistan Penal Code continues to apply alongside Hudood laws where

1. Ahadd is always imposed for every theft✓
2. BHudood repealed PPC entirely✓
3. Ctazir or non-hudood offences are charged or hadd is not imposed✓
4. Dno overlap exists ever✓

False implication of zina (qazf) punished under the Qazf Ordinance protects

1. Aonly commercial trademarks✓
2. Bonly government property deeds✓
3. Conly electoral symbols only✓
4. Dhonour and privacy by penalizing unsubstantiated accusations of zina✓

In theft hadd jurisprudence, the concept of hirs refers to

1. Aproperty kept in a secure/protected manner✓
2. Bpublic abandoned goods always✓
3. Cvalueless items only✓
4. Dintellectual ideas without form✓

Zina liable to hadd differs from fornication punished as tazir mainly in

1. Aboth requiring identical proof always✓
2. Bstandard of proof and severity of fixed hadd penalty when conditions met✓
3. Cneither being criminal✓
4. Dboth being civil only✓

The Federal Shariat Court's judgment on Riba and later Islamization debates interacted with but did not replace

1. Athe Constitution entirely✓
2. Ball civil courts✓
3. Cthe entire criminal Hudood code automatically✓
4. Dall provincial assemblies permanently✓

Qisas execution requires among other safeguards

1. Ainstant private revenge without court✓
2. Bpolice execution without trial✓
3. Cforeign arbitration only✓
4. Dcompliance with statutory procedure and rights of heirs including waiver or diyat✓

A juvenile below puberty is generally not subject to hadd punishment under Islamic criminal principles applied in Pakistan as

1. Ahadd applies fully without exception✓
2. Bonly diyat applies to juveniles always✓
3. Chadd does not apply to a child who has not attained puberty✓
4. Djuveniles face only hadd never tazir✓

Attempted zina may be punished as

1. Ahadd with four witnesses to attempt alone always✓
2. Bno offence whatsoever✓
3. Ctazir where the statute and evidence support attempt liability✓
4. Donly civil injunction✓

The integration of Qisas and Diyat into Pakistan's criminal justice system reflects

1. Arecognition of Islamic principles of retribution and compensation in homicide and hurt✓
2. Bcomplete abandonment of all PPC offences✓
3. Cexclusive military jurisdiction✓
4. Dpurely customary law without statute✓

Hadd for theft (sariqa) generally requires among other conditions that

1. Athe thief be a minor without exception✓
2. Bno witness or proof be needed✓
3. Cthe property be valueless✓
4. Dthe stolen property meet a defined minimum value (nisab) and be taken from a secure place✓

Hiraba under the Hudood framework relates to

1. Apeaceful civil trespass only✓
2. Bverbal insult without theft✓
3. Crobbery or dacoity involving violence or threat✓
4. Dlawful bailment only✓

The Prohibition (Enforcement of Hadd) Order 1979 addresses

1. Aland revenue arrears✓
2. Bcustoms duty on books only✓
3. Cconsumption and related offences concerning intoxicating liquor with hadd and tazir✓
4. Dcopyright in software only✓

Afs (forgiveness) or waiver by the victim or heirs can affect

1. Aevery hadd offence without statutory limit✓
2. Ball tax offences automatically✓
3. Ccivil contract validity only✓
4. Dqisas in homicide and hurt cases under Qisas and Diyat law✓

The Federal Shariat Court may examine laws for conformity with

1. Aonly local municipal bylaws✓
2. Bthe injunctions of Islam as laid down in the Quran and Sunnah✓
3. Conly company law✓
4. Donly cricket board rules✓

Movable property theft not meeting hadd conditions may be punished as

1. Ano offence at all✓
2. Bhadd automatically regardless of proof✓
3. Ctazir theft under the relevant statute or PPC as applicable✓
4. Donly civil suit without criminal liability✓

The Execution of the Punishment of Whipping Ordinance 1979 provides procedure for

1. Aexecution of hadd of whipping in applicable Hudood offences✓
2. Bexecution of civil decrees for rent✓
3. Ccorporate winding-up✓
4. Dprobate of wills only✓

Distinction between hadd and tazir is significant because

1. Ahadd requires strict proof and cannot be waived by ordinary compromise in the same manner as many tazir offences✓
2. Bboth are identical in proof and waiver✓
3. Ctazir always requires four eyewitnesses for every crime✓
4. Dhadd is always lighter than tazir✓

Qatl-i-amd (intentional murder) under Qisas and Diyat law may result in

1. Aautomatic acquittal without trial✓
2. Bqisas (death sentence as retribution) or diyat/compound with heirs' consent✓
3. Conly a traffic fine✓
4. Dmandatory deportation only✓

Qatl-i-khata (death by mistake) generally attracts

1. Amandatory hadd for zina✓
2. Bdiyat and may include arsh for hurt; qisas normally not applicable as in intentional murder✓
3. Cidentical treatment to intentional murder always✓
4. Dno liability whatsoever✓

A compoundable offence under Qisas and Diyat may be settled by

1. Apolice alone without court✓
2. Bforeign embassy only✓
3. Cautomatic settlement by media statement✓
4. Dagreement between parties subject to court approval and legal conditions✓

The Zina Ordinance distinguishes between married and unmarried offenders for purposes of

1. Acivil company registration✓
2. Bstamp duty rates only✓
3. Cclassification and punishment of zina offences including hadd and tazir✓
4. Dvoter age only✓

Tazir for zina may be imposed when

1. Ahadd cannot be imposed due to failure of strict proof or other legal bar✓
2. Bhadd has already been executed identically✓
3. Cno offence is alleged✓
4. Donly civil witnesses support a commercial claim✓

The Qisas and Diyat framework was later consolidated in

1. Athe Qisas and Diyat Ordinance and amendments culminating in the Criminal Law Amendment Act 1997 context✓
2. Bthe Contract Act 1872✓
3. Cthe Sale of Goods Act 1930✓
4. Dthe Partnership Act 1932 only✓

Under prohibition law, hadd for drinking requires

1. Ano proof at all✓
2. Bproof by single anonymous letter only✓
3. Cproof by civil survey map only✓
4. Dstrict proof including confession or two male Muslim eyewitnesses to drinking✓

If an accused retracts a hadd confession before punishment in applicable cases, the general principle is

1. Ahadd must still be executed regardless✓
2. Bhadd may not be imposed and tazir or other proceedings may be considered✓
3. Cconfession is irrelevant always✓
4. Donly civil damages apply✓

The term wali in Qisas and Diyat law refers to

1. Apolice investigating officer only✓
2. Btrial magistrate only✓
3. Cheirs of the victim entitled to claim qisas or diyat✓
4. Daccused's employer✓

Arsh under Qisas and Diyat law denotes

1. Ablood money for homicide only✓
2. Bcompensation for hurt/injury other than wounding causing death✓
3. Ccorporate dividend✓
4. Dland revenue surcharge✓

Daman under the Qisas and Diyat scheme relates to

1. Aregistration fee for firms✓
2. Bcourt fee in civil suits only✓
3. Cbail bond in ATA only✓
4. Dcompensation for hurt caused to a victim where arsh or other specified compensation applies✓

Hudood ordinances were promulgated during the era of

1. AQuaid-e-Azam in 1947✓
2. BGeneral Zia-ul-Haq in 1979✓
3. CAyub Khan 1962 constitution only✓
4. D18th Amendment 2010✓